UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA   PUBLICATIONS 

COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE 

AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION 

BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA 


PRELIMINARY  YIELD  TABLES  FOR 
SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


BY 
DONALD    BRUCE 


BULLETIN  No.  361 

May,  1923 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  PRESS 

BERKELEY 

1923 


David  P.  Barrows,  President  of  the  University. 

EXPERIMENT  STATION  STAFF 

HEADS   OF   DIVISIONS 

Thomas  Forsyth  Hunt,  Dean. 

Edward  J.  Wickson,  Horticulture  (Emeritus). 

,  Director  of  Resident  Instruction. 

C.  M.  Haring,  Veterinary  Science,  Director  of  Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 

B.  H.  Crocheron,  Director  of  Agricultural  Extension. 

C.  B.  Hutchison,  Plant  Breeding,  Director  of  the  Branch  of  the  College  of 

Agriculture,  Davis. 
H.  J.  Webber,  Sub-tropical  Horticulture,  Director  of  Citrus  Experiment  Station. 
William  A.  Setchell,  Botany. 
Myer  E.  Jaffa,  Nutrition. 
Ralph  E.  Smith,  Plant  Pathology. 
John  W.  Gilmore,  Agronomy. 
Charles  F.  Shaw,  Soil  Technology. 
John  W.  Gregg,  Landscape  Gardening  and  Floriculture. 
Frederic  T.  Bioletti,  Viticulture  and  Fruit  Products. 
Warren  T.  Clarke,  Agricultural  Extension. 
Ernest  B.  Babcock,  Genetics. 
Gordon  H.  True,  Animal  Husbandry. 
James  T.  Barrett,  Plant  Pathology. 
Walter  Mulford,  Forestry. 
W.  P.  Kelley,  Agricultural  Chemistry. 
H.  J.  Quayle,  Entomology. 
Elwood  Mead,  Rural  Institutions. 
H.  S.  Reed,  Plant  Physiology. 
L.  D.  Batchelor,  Orchard  Management. 
W.  L.  Howard,  Pomology. 
'Frank  Adams,  Irrigation  Investigations. 

C.  L.  Roadhouse,  Dairy  Industry. 
R.  L.  Adams,  Farm  Management. 

W.  B.  Herms,  Entomology  and  Parasitology. 
John  E.  Dougherty,  Poultry  Husbandry. 

D.  R.  Hoagland,  Plant  Nutrition. 
G.  H.  Hart,  Veterinary  Science. 

L.  J.  Fletcher,  Agricultural  Engineering. 
Edwin  C.  Voorhies,  Assistant  to  the  Dean. 

DIVISION   OF   FORESTRY 

Walter  Mulford  Arthur  W.  Sampson 

Donald  Bruce  Emanuel  Fritz 

Woodbridge  Metcalf  Francis  X.  Schumacher 


*  In  cooperation  with  Division  of  Agricultural  Engineering,  Bureau  of  Public  Roads,  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture. 


PRELIMINARY  YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND- 
GROWTH   REDWOOD 

By  DONALD  BKUCE 


The  owner  of  timberland  who  is  contemplating  or  attempting  the 
placing  of  his  holdings  under  a  plan  of  forest  management  needs 
certain  basic  facts  for  his  guidance.  Among  the  most  difficult  of 
these  facts  to  determine  is  the  rate  of  growth  which  may  be  expected 
in  the  second  growth  stands  on  the  cutover  lands.  Without  informa- 
tion on  this  point  the  timber  owner  will  be  unable  to  determine  whether 
his  second  crop  will  be  of  merchantable  size  and  ready  for  cutting 
by  the  time  he  has  exhausted  his  reserves  of  virgin  timber,  or  whether 
it  will  be  sufficient  in  quantity  to  supply  his  existing  manufacturing 
plant.  Without  this  information  he  will  be  unable  to  judge  the 
financial  expediency  of  various  forestry  measures.  Precise  answers 
to  questions  involving  future  rates  of  growth  are  impossible,  but 
reasonably  reliable  figures  can  be  predicted  with  the  aid  of  what  are 
known  as  yield  tables.  This  bulletin  presents  preliminary  tables  of 
this  sort  for  redwood  (Sequoia  sempervirens  Endl.). 

The  tables  are  termed  preliminary,  partly  because  the  values  given 
in  them  will  probably  require  minor  modification  when  a  larger  mass 
of  data  has  been  secured,  but  more  particularly  because  they  do  not 
deal  with  stands  over  60  years  of  age  and  do  not,  as  will  be  later 
explained,  cover  the  poorest  growing  conditions.  Furthermore,  they 
give  no  detailed  information  concerning  the  effect  of  introducing  other 
species  into  the  redwood  stands.  They  are  published  in  this  tentative 
form  because  they  will  answer  with  all  essential  accuracy  many  of  the 
immediate  questions  of  redwood  forestry. 


Note. — Mr.  F.  X.  Schumacher  of  this  University  gathered  a  large  part  of 
the  basic  data  for  the  tables  and  performed  much  of  the  computational 
work.  Mr.  V.  B.  Davis,  Forester  of  the  Union  Lumber  Company,  and  Mr. 
M.  E.  Krueger,  Forest  Engineer  of  the  Pacific  Lumber  Company  each  con- 
tributed a  considerable  number  of  valuable  data.  Professor  W.  Metcalf  and 
Professor  E.  Fritz  of  this  university,  and  Mr.  R.  E.  Burton  of  Santa  Cruz 
assisted  with  additional  material.  To  these  men  and  to  Major  D.  T.  Mason, 
Forest  Engineer,  who  has  helped  in  many  ways,  appreciative  thanks  are 
extended. 


426  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA — EXPERIMENT    STATION 


DEFINITION  OF   YIELD   TABLE 

These  yield  tables  state  the  amount  of  timber,  together  with  its 
size,  which  can  under  good  management  be  raised  on  lands  of  varying 
degrees  of  productivity.  Two  types  of  yield  tables  are  recognized, 
normal  yield  tables  which  state  the  production  possible  under  ideal 
conditions  of  stand  establishment  and  care,  and  empirical  yield  tables 
which  state  the  production  actually  occurring  under  existing  condi- 
tions. In  the  case  of  redwood,  empirical  tables  would  predict  how 
much  timber  will  grow  if  no  attempt  is  made  either  to  secure  proper 
stocking  of  the  cutover  lands  with  young  trees,  or  to  protect  the  land 
from  fire.  Normal  tables,  on  the  other  hand,  predict  the  result  of 
securing  full  stocking  by  replanting1  or  other  means,  and  then  of 
properly  caring  for  it  until  it  is  mature.  Empirical  tables  are  of  little 
value,  since  existing  conditions  may  be  profoundly  modified,  as  for 
example,  through  systematic  fire  protection,  within  a  few  years'  time. 
The  tables  presented  in  this  bulletin  are  of  the  other  type,  but  do  not 
contemplate  intensive  care,  as  for  instance,  properly  conducted  thin- 
nings, which  should  materially  increase  the  yield. 

The  tables,  moreover,  do  not  contain  information  concerning  the 
quality  of  lumber  which  will  be  produced.  An  investigation  of  this 
phase  of  the  problem  is  now  being  conducted. 

EXPLANATION  OF  YIELD  TABLES 

The  following  explanations  are  necessary  for  the  proper  interpreta- 
tion of  the  columns  of  the  yield  tables  herewith  presented  and  should 
be  referred  to  in  connection  with  pages  428-430. 

Site. — In  accordance  with  a  well  established  forestry  practice,  red- 
wood producing  lands  may  be  divided  on  the  basis  of  their  relative 
productive  capacities  (resulting  from  differences  in  climatic  and  soil 
conditions)  into  five  classes  known  as  site  classes.  Site  I  includes 
the  most  productive  and  site  V  the  least  productive  areas.  Although 
five  divisions  are  recognized,  tables  are  presented  here  for  sites  I,  II, 
and  III  only,  since  adequate  data  on  sites  IV  and  V  have  not  been 
secured.  It  is  probable  that  the  two  lower  sites  lie  chiefly  toward  the 
southern  limit  of  the  range  of  redwood  and  occur  but  rarely  in  the 
region  of  its  optimum  growth.  They  are  therefore  of  little  interest 
to  redwood  lumbermen.  Site  I,  moreover,  probably  occurs  on  but  a 
small  percentage  of  the  area  of  the  redwood  region,  and  a  large  part 

i  Sprouts  develop  with  great  vigor  and  profusion  about  recently  cut  stumps, 
but  they  arc  ho  poorly  distributed  that  only  a  few  are  able  to  survive.  In  one 
instance  it  has  been  estimated  that  sprouts  will  stock  the  area  to  but  about 
25  per  cent  of  its  capacity. 


Bulletin  361]    yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood  427 

of  such  Site  I  land  as  now  exists  may  ultimately  be  used  for  agri- 
culture, so  that  most  of  the  land  on  which  redwood  timber  will  be 
raised  in  the  near  future  falls  into  site  classes  II  and  III.  How  the 
site  of  any  given  tract  may  be  determined  is  explained  on  pages 
433-436. 

Age. — Age  should  be  figured  from  the  time  of  logging  the  previous 
stand.  It  is  true  that  when  young  trees  are  planted  they  may  have 
had  a  start  of  1,  2,  or  3  years  in  the  nursery,  but  on  account  of  the 
setback  which  they  receive  on  being  transplanted,  this  advance  growth 
should  be  disregarded. 

Number  of  Trees  Per  Acre. — Under  this  heading  two  figures  are 
given:  (1)  the  number  of  all  trees,  and  (2)  that  of  the  dominants 
and  codominants.  By  'all  trees'  is  meant  all  over  2.6  inches  in  diame- 
ter when  measured  outside  the  bark  at  a  height  of  4.5  feet  ('breast 
high')  above  the  ground.  This  designation  obviously  includes  practi- 
cally all  living  trees  except  in  the  case  of  very  young  stands.  The 
more  significant  figure  is  the  number  per  acre  of  the  larger  trees,  since 
these  include  nearly  all  the  trees  of  potential  economic  value  and  since 
their  volume  constitutes  some  80  per  cent  of  the  stand.  The  dominants 
and  codominants  are  those  trees  the  crowns  of  which  form  the  general 
level  of  the  forest  canopy  or  extend  above  it.  They  are  so  named 
in  contrast  to  the  intermediate  and  overtopped  trees.  Both  figures 
are  only  approximate,  as  the  data  obtained  were  very  variable  for 
reasons  which  are  explained  under  'Basal  Area.' 

Average  Height.2 — The  height  is  measured  from  the  average  ground 
level  to  the  tip  of  the  tree. 

Average  D.  B.  II. — By  d.b.h.  is  meant  diameter  breast  high,  or  the 
diameter  measured  outside  the  bark  4.5  feet  above  the  ground,  a  point 
which,  since  it  is  above  the  root  swelling,  and  is  conveniently  reached, 
has  become  accepted  as  standard  for  studies  such  as  this.  As  in  the 
case  of  average  height,  an  average  d.b.h.3  value  is  given  for  all  trees, 
and  for  the  dominants  and  codominants  only. 

Basal  Area. — By  basal  area  is  meant  the  sum  of  the  cross-section 
areas  in  square  feet,  measured  4.5  feet  from  the  ground,  of  all  the 
trees  on  an  average  acre.  Since  it  is  calculated  from  the  d.b.h.  measure- 
ments it  includes  both  wood  and  bark.  Its  significance  lies  in  the 
fact  that  it  is  a  value  which  has  been  found  relatively  insensitive  to 
variations  in  stocking.  An  increase  in  the  number  of  trees  per  acre 
results  in  a  decrease  in  their  average  diameter,  and  vice  versa,  but 
unless  the  overcrowding  or  understocking  is  pronounced,  the  basal 
area  for  a  given  tract  of  land  will  not  be  much  affected  thereby. 

2  The  "average  height"  is  that  of  a  tree  of  average  basal  area;  see  page 
442. 

3  The  ' '  average  d.b.h. ' '  is  that  of  a  tree  of  average  basal  area. 


428 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


i— i 

m 

oT 
o 
o 

is 

Q 
H 


O 
H 

H 

Q 


- 

s 

OS 

o 


u 

03  o        » 

o 

lO 

»o 

^ 

CD 

CO 

(M 

1—1 

CD 

=3  5  oS 

<N 

C   3       ?h 

£ 

1> 

i—i 

OS 

OS 

<M 

CO 

to 

CO 

1> 

CO 

00 

CO 

^ 

T3^> 

o 

o 

O 

O 

o 

o 

o 

»o 

o 

la 

S"S 

c^ 

!N 

OS 

o 

CO 

>o 

(N 

CO 

1— 1 

s 

Org 

oo 

CO 

CO 

OS 

i—i 

<N 

CO 

CO 

CO 

ot 

T— 1 

i—i 

1—1 

<M 

(M 

(N 

(N 

<M 

U    0 

r   ■ 

H 

bC  u 

«— < 

fz 

<i 

o 

o 

o 

^ 

(M 

tH 

OS 

o 

r^ 

a 

o 

oq 

Tt< 

IO 

CO 

CO 

LO 

to 

CO 

> 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

t-        •             CJ          "2 

Logs  pe 
MJB.M 

for 
Avoragi 
Domi- 
nant an 
Co- 
domi- 
nant 

<N 

T— 1 

<N 

t^ 

<tf 

i— i 

o 

OS 

oo 

T*H 

CO 

<N 

1— 1 

1— 1 

i— i 

1— 1 

"3  ^ 

O 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

3    0) 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

to 

0) 

Is 

T^ 

o 

t^ 

no 

CO 

o 

o 

o 

o 

22 

CD 

CO 

o 

6o 

irj 

1—1 

CO 

00 

Cs 

V 

i— i 

CO 

»o 

CO 

00 

o 

1—1 

<M 

CO 

1— 1 

1— 1 

i—i 

1—1 

3  - 

£3 

y  ^, 

o 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

<J 

j2  - 
3.° 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

<M 

T^ 

IO 

Tt< 

OS 

<N 

<M 

Q&H 

CO 

00 

o 

oq 

*tf 

CO 

t- 

OS 

o 

^_. 

1              ~ 

4) 

5  =  2  o  = 

S  3  So1 

c3   0) 

o 

<N 

OS 

<N 

l> 

t^ 

r^ 

to 

<N 

c3 

3^CJ 

<N 

r^ 

o 

CO 

^ 

IO 

CO 

I> 

oo 

IK    O 

02 

CM 

(M 

CO 

co 

CO 

co 

CO 

CO 

co 

i< 

-r 

CJ    u 

m 

oo  t> 

50 

—  S 

■-  - 

o3  i) 

Oi 

r^ 

o 

o 

o 

IO 

CO 

rjM 

CO 

PQ 

3  £ 

■3  a 

C5 

lO 

o 

CO 

iO 

CO 

l> 

oo 

oo 

Eh 

73 

(N 

CO 

•<* 

TJ( 

Th 

TjH 

TjH 

T]H 

-* 

-+-> 

0) 

5 

00 
0} 

00 

<N 

lO 

^ 

(N 

oo 

CO 

to 

to 

amel 

iigh 

S  ="2  o  3 

h" '                o 

~B 

OS 

(M 

rjH 

CO 

oo 

OS 

1— 1 

<M 

CO 

h- 1 

<M 

<N 

<N 

"X   — 

Q" 

- 

93 

00 

oo 

t» 

(M 

CO 

CO 

iO 

CO 

O 

t^ 

—    O 

o 

t^ 

OS 

i—i 

OO 

CO 

TjM 

to 

CO 

CO 

> 

H 

c 

-»-> 

A              § 

03 

CO 

00 

OS 

1— 1 

<N 

(N 

(N 

<N 

CM 

03 

IQ 

CO 

t^ 

OS 

O 

1— 1 

<M 

CO 

-* 

Eei 

o 

00 

-<-> 

r— ( 

<N 

(N 

CO 

co 

co 

(M 

i—i 

O 

C3 

lO 

CO 

t^ 

00 

OS 

o 

T— 1 

<N 

CO 

fa 

i— i 

1—1 

r-4 

1—i 

03 

B 

-t-> 

A               5 
5  s  -  o.h 

o  3  So  1 

to 

lO 

CO 

CO 

o 

to 

CO 

to 

oo 

CO 

-# 

00 

CO 

o 

1^ 

to 

Tt< 

CO 

H  « 

tP 

co 

(N 

<N 

<N 

1—1 

1— I 

T— 1 

1— 1 

ts  3 

°< 

o 

t  - 

9  o 
H 

00 

*a 

»o 

CO 

iO 

IO 

<N 

t^ 

OS 

OS 

OS 

00 

OS 

TjH 

o 

1^ 

-* 

1— 1 

3 

oo 

CO 

lO 

TiH 

■<* 

T*H 

co 

CO 

CO 

O 

03 

o 

«o 

o 

iO 

O 

tf3 

o 

to 

o 

■ 

9 

(N 

<M 

CO 

CO 

Tt< 

Th 

to 

to 

CD 

>H 

BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


429 


>-. 

.9.8     2 

CO 

»o 

1> 

to 

t> 

o 

o 

1> 

-* 

SSU2 

i-H 

i-H 

to 

S3       Oh 

2 

Board 
Foot 

Cubic 
Foot 

Ratio 

IO 
1—1 

CO 

co 

o 

tO 

to 
to 

OS 

CO 

to 

CO 

CO 

Tl 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

c3 

^  JJ 

t^ 

oo 

to 

(M 

o 

CO 

o 

CO 

<N 

3 
C 

■n 
<X> 
o 

-6  "*-' 

a  v 

co 

00 

CO 

tO 

lr^ 

oo 

OS 

OS 

CS 

V  o 

Eh 

go 

< 

3r° 
0&H 

lO 

<N 

o 

CO 

C5 

o 

to 

t^ 

CO 

<s 

to 

l^ 

C5 

o 

o 

i-H 

o 

OS 

oo 

> 

< 

<N 

CQ 

<N 

CO 

CO 

CO 

co 

CM 

<N 

u     ■ 

oj      'O 

CD>H 

M.i,  3       J^ 

o  ^  c  -u  °  s  3 

■<     s 

CO 

00 

ir^ 

o 

CO 

co 

i-H 

o 

OS 

to 

CO 

(N 

<N 

i-H 

i-H 

i-H 

i-H 

^s 

T3 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

rtn 

o 

to 

O 

o 

<M 

OS 

o 

o 

«■.   CD 

in 

ID 
CD 

«fe 

t^ 

<N 

t^ 

CO 

oo 

<M 

"tf 

o 

to 

2  S 

<N 

CO 

to 

CO 

oo 

OS 

l-H 

i-H 

i-H 

i-H 

"3   *- 

P3 

CD      . 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

<J 

.3  -u 

■§8 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

1— 1 

00 

t^ 

CO 

Tfl 

CS 

CO 

co 

i-H 

IQ 

CO 

00 

o 

<N 

CO 

to 

CO 

t^ 

i                c 

3  a  ~  i,  c 

8) 

is-*" 

03    C) 

CO 

o 

th 

OS 

CO 

co 

(M 

i-H 

i> 

oj 

3  is  a  c-3 
U)               o 

3   0) 

1-H 

1^ 

OS 

J— 1 

CO 

<tf 

to 

CO 

CO 

Cfa 

C<J 

(M 

CN 

co 

co 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

-<j 

58  ^ 

CO 

—.    CD 

CD 

b*3 

CS    0) 

00 

y— 1 

(N 

OJ 

00 

i-H 

i-H 

OS 

i-H 

3    OJ 

t^ 

CO 

1^ 

C5 

i-H 

CO 

^ 

"tf 

to 

Cfa 

W 

<N 

co 

CO 

CO 

tH 

rjH 

<* 

Tt< 

TP 

+1 

9 

■^  ^^               c8 

o 

co 

C5 

i-H 

05 

T« 

00 

00 

1> 

°  .3 

=  5  c  ©  S 

1—1                   O 

.3 
o 

OS 

T— 1 

<M 

to 

CO 

00 

OS 

o 

i-H 

£  wo 

a! 

s 

1— 1 

<N 

<M 

to 

co 

(N 

os 

rjn 

CO 

iO 

CO 

i-H 

]> 

T^ 

~-  <u 

55 

SM 

— <    a; 

.3 

t^ 

oo 

O 

i-H 

(M 

CO 

-* 

<* 

to 

> 

H 

3 

< 

p— i 

■<-> 

s 

1—1               o 

+3 

OS 

o 

i—l 

o 

o 

o 

OS 

oo 

CO 

cd 

TtH 

CO 

1> 

oo 

os 

o 

o 

i-H 

<M 

CD 
fa 

i-H 

i-H 

i-H 

1— t 

co 

CO 

co 

i—t 

i-H 

OS 

l> 

to 

co 

o 

*l 

0) 

^ 

iO 

CO 

I> 

t^ 

00 

OS 

o 

i-H 

CD 
fa 

i-H 

i-H 

1               13 

o 

o 

00 

o 

ITj 

CO 

to 

d 

o 

o 

o 

(M 

t^ 

(N 

OS 

t^ 

CO 

to 

(-r 

»o 

Tj) 

CO 

<M 

<N 

i-H 

i-H 

1—1 

i-H 

«*-!       O 

^ 

TJ 

o;  — 

1a 

CO 

o 

IO 

00 

CO 

OS 

l> 

CO 

«# 

00 

oo 

CO 

<N 

T^ 

00 

Tt> 

o 

i^ 

«*l 

3 

OS 

l> 

CO 

»o 

'HH 

-^ 

T" 

co 

CO 

o 

o 

»o 

o 

to 

o 

to 

o 

to 

o 

<< 

03 

<M 

(M 

co 

CO 

r« 

"<* 

to 

to 

CO 

V 

>H 

H 
Eh 

h-C 

m 

a 
o 
o 

a 

« 
o 

H 


O 


< 

« 
o 

55 


H 
< 


430 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


fa 
H 

m 

'a 

o 
o 

Q 
fa 

« 
O 
fa 

fa 

5 


fa 


o 


CO 

fa 

5 


Basis 

Number 

of 

Plots 

oocoeocoo^o 

co 

1— 1 

T-^.2^  2 

u*   <^   rr    /-n  '^* 
§r°  3r5^ 

eooiai-icoocoio 
cqcoTtHtoiocococo 

"o3 
a 

G-G 

<t 

4)   O 

M  - 

go 

> 

< 

DO 

o 
s 

Eh 

pq-H 

oooooooo 

C^OOTticoirjcocDiO 

O1^ 

OOOCO^OOcOOOO 

Logs  per 
M.B.M. 

for 
Average 
Domi- 
nant and 
Co- 
domi- 
nant 

r^^ioOOOiOCOCSI 

Tt<COC^(N'— It— IrHi— 1 

"3  u 
>  a 

CO 

O 

H 

O 

13000 
26500 
40000 
53100 
65400 
76300 
85800 
93000 

_C    CD 

4200 

5700 
7300 
8900 
10400 
11700 
12800 
13700 
14400 

c3 

05     Q, 

£  g*2  o.£ 

o  =3  SO  £ 

0 

o3   0 

3rC 

r^(Nr^OO(N(MOOO^ 

OiOOOOfNCOT^T^iO 
(N(N(NCOCOCOCOCOCO 

in 

0 

3fa 
m 

cococoi— io<N<NOi'-i 

cOi— iiOOOOi-h<M(MCO 
<N           00           CO          CO           rt<           tF           ^tMtJI 

M 
O 

-t-» 

£   M 

|i 

03    — 

> 

< 

JL               5 

"G  -^-^    1    » 

£  c^  0  a 

0  *  Sn'3 

Q  G   ^^  £ 

-0 

co 
V 

-G 

0 

0 

00 

OOOTFOCOiOtOCO 
O         1— icoiocor^ooo 

CO 

— ■  0 

co 
3 

-G 
O 
G 

C5 
CD 

r^i— icqi-HOit>c0O5 
OOOr-ic<l<MCOT^rtH 

3« 

I             1 

'G  -^.^    1    " 

0  03  5ryG 

OsS     3 
-3 

CD 
O 

COtMi-HOOOcO^cNOi 
<*«£.>          C0t*t-O005©0 

1— 1                    T-H 

co 

-1-3 

V 

fa 

OOI^TtHtMOr^r^i-ioO 
co-^Hiocor^i>00O5O5 

V 
E 

f-c   o 

«*-   ej 

°< 

-3  « 
£a 

3 

'G  *i_«    1    «3 

0  *  5n  G 
O  G  =3^  £ 

-3 

OCOCOOOCO<N*0*0 

cOCOi005TtiOOOcO»0 

CO 

—  0 
H  0 

H 

1020 

111 

638 
556 
500 
453 
412 
384 
356 

0 

CO 
E 

03 

S 

0 

»o       0       10       0        »o       0        ^o       0 

(NCOCCrt^rtiiOiOCD 

BULLETIN  361]      yield  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  431 

A  comparison  of  the  basal  area  of  any  given  tract  (unless  it  is 
consider  ably  over  dense,  which  rarely  occurs  in  the  case  of  redwood) 
with  that  given  in  the  yield  table  for  stands  of  the  same  age  and  site 
quality  is  therefore  one  of  the  best  methods  of  determining  its  degree 
of  density  or  stocking. 

Volume  in  Cubic  Feet. — The  volume  in  cubic  feet  includes  the 
entire  stem  of  the  tree  from  the  ground  to  the  extreme  tip,  but  does 
not  include  either  the  limbs  or  the  bark. 

Volume  in  Board  Feet. — This  is  the  most  important  figure  in  the 
tables  from  the  standpoint  of  the  present  day  forest  owner.  Since 
second  growth  stands  can  hardly  be  marketed  for  some  years  to  come, 
it  has  been  computed  on  the  basis  of  closer  standards  of  utilization 
than  are  today  practicable,  but  which  in  all  probability  are  justified 
in  conservative  anticipation  of  the  methods  of  manufacture  which  will 
be  current  by  the  time  second  growth  stands  are  being  manufactured 
into  lumber  on  a  large  scale.  An  allowance  of  1.5  feet  has  been  made 
for  stumps,  while  the  use  of  logs  as  small  as  5  inches  in  diameter  inside 
the  bark  has  been  contemplated.  The  logs  have  been  scaled  according 
to  the  so-called  International  log  rule.  This  rule4  is  based  on  the 
sawing  of  square  edged  lumber  17Ae  inch  thick  in  the  rough  (thus 
allowing  Kg  inch  for  shrinkage)  with  a  saw  kerf  of  %  inch,  and  on  the 
utilization  of  boards  as  short  as  4  feet.  No  deductions  have  been  made 
for  defects  (which,  however,  should  be  almost  neglible  in  properly 
tended  young  stands),  nor  for  breakage  in  logging.  Obviously  no 
overrun  should  be  figured  above  these  values,  and  the  conservative 
owner  will  doubtless  wish  to  deduct  a  small  per  cent  to  allow  for 
unavoidable  losses.     (See  page  436.) 

Average  Annual  Growth. — The  average  annual  growth  (which  is 
expressed  both  in  cubic  feet  and  in  board  feet)  is  obtained  for  any 
given  age  by  dividing  the  yield  at  that  age  by  the  age  itself.  It  is  a 
value  which  increases  rapidly  during  the  youth  of  a  stand,  reaches 
a  maximum,  and  then  falls  off  more  slowly.  The  maximum  volume 
production  is  obviously  obtained  by  allowing  the  stand  to  grow  to 
the  age  which  gives  the  maximum  average  annual  growth.  In  the 
present  instance  this  age  is  apparently  55  years  (for  lumber),  but 
the  falling  off  at  the  age  of  60  years  is  slight  and  data  beyond  that 
age  are  lacking.  It  is  therefore  probable  that  the  data  used  in  prepar- 
ing the  present  table  are  not  sufficient  to  justify  placing  great  re- 
liance on  this  55-year  maximum. 


*  The  International  rule  may  be  found  printed  in  full  in  H.  S.  Graves,  "  Forest 
Mensuration, ' '  pages  36-37. 


432  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

Board  Foot — Cubic  Foot  Ratio. — This  column  shows  the  average 
number  of  board  feet  of  lumber  which  can  be  obtained  per  cubic 
foot  of  wood  in  stands  of  different  ages.  The  increase  in  values  as 
the  stand  grows  older  indicates  the  reduction  in  the  percentage  of 
waste  as  the  trees  increase  in  size.  It  will  be  noted  that  this  increase 
becomes  less  rapid  after  about  45  years  of  age. 

Basis,  Number  of  Plots.  —  This  column  gives  the  number  of 
sample  plots  which  were  actually  measured  in  each  site  and  age 
class  and  which  form  the  basis  for  the  table.  It  indicates  the 
relative  reliability  of  the  various  figures  given.  It  will  be  observed 
that  the  table  for  site  II  has  a  much  stronger  basis  than  either  that 
for  site  I  or  that  for  site  III  and  that  the  values  for  the  younger 
age  classes  (which  are,  however,  of  minor  importance),  are  less 
well  established. 

Effect  of  Presence  of  Trees  Other  Than  Redwood. — While  the 
values  given  in  the  tables  represent  approximately  what  may  be 
expected  if  pure  redwood  stands  are  produced,  the  data  on  which 
they  are  based  are  taken  from  areas  which  actually  contained  about  15 
per  cent5  of  associated  species,  chief  among  which  are  Douglas  fir 
(Pseudotsuga  taxifolia,  Britt.),  white  fir  (Abies  grandis,  Lindl.), 
and  Sitka  spruce  (Picea  sitchensis,  Carr.).  Such  species  are  in- 
cluded in  the  total  basal  areas  and  are  therefore  represented  in  the 
average  diameters.  They  are  also  included  in  the  volumes.  The 
average  heights  given  in  the  tables  are,  however,  for  redwood  only. 

One  of  the  reasons  for  terming  these  tables  'preliminary'  is  that 
the  data  collected  are  insufficient  to  permit  of  a  precise  determination 
of  the  effect  of  a  variation  in  the  proportion  of  those  species  present. 
In  general,  it  appears  that  as  this  proportion  increases  the  basal 
area  of  the  stand  decreases,0  but  that  both  the  average  height7  and 
the  average  form  factor8  increase,  so  that  the  volume  is  not  materially 
affected. 

EXPLANATION  OF  STAND  TABLE 

Table  4  gives  a  more  detailed  picture  of  a  characteristic  stand  about 
50  years  of  age  growing  on  site  II.  It  has  been  prepared  by  averag- 
ing all  the  data  obtained  in  stands  on  that  site  and  between  45  and  55 
years  of  age,  the  actual  average  age  being  48  years.  In  it  will  be 
found  the  approximate  number  of  trees  which  may  be  expected  in  each 
diameter  class,  their  average  heights,  and  the  per  cent  of  the  total 
board  foot  volume  included  in  successive  5-inch  diameter  classes.    The 


s  Stands  are  usually  considered  'pure'  if  they  contain  20  per  cent  or  less 
of  the  associated   species. 

(i  See  pages  450-4")  1.         7  Sec  pages  449-450.         »  See  page  440. 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


433 


average  heights  given  are  for  redwood ;  for  the  relation  between  these 
heights  and  those  of  other  species  see  pages  449-450. 

Some  conception  of  the  character  of  stands  of  the  same  age  on  other 
sites  may  be  gained  by  a  comparison  of  this  table  with  the  yield  tables. 
It  will  be  observed,  for  example,  that  on  site  III  the  average  dominant 
and  codominant  is  about  2  inches  smaller  in  diameter,  and  15  feet 
shorter. 

Table  4. — Typical  Stand  Table  for  Site  II,  50  Year  Age  Class 


Diameter  Breast 
High: 
Inches 

Number 
of  Trees 
per  Acre 

3 

25 

4 

37 

5 

35 

6 

33 

7 

31 

8 

29 

9 

27 

10 

26 

11 

24 

12 

23 

13 

21 

14 

19 

15 

18 

16 

16 

17 

15 

18 

13 

19 

12 

20 

11 

21 

9 

22 

8 

23 

7 

24 

6 

25 

5 

26 

4 

27 

3 

28 

2 

29 

2 

30 

1 

31 

1 

32 

1 

Average  Height 

of  Redwood: 

Feet 

Per  cent  of  Total 

Volume, 

Feet  B.M. 

31 

36 

41 

47 

54 

611 

2.9^ 

67 
73 

f 

78 

83 

> 

16.6 

U7.8 

88 

92 

96  < 

100 

103 

>  

28.3 

105 

108 

no' 

112 

114 

-  

29.01 

116 

118  < 

119 

120 

121 

> 

18.2 

^52.2 

122 

123 

124' 

125 

> 

5.0 

125 

THE  APPLICATION  OF  THE  TABLES 

Site  Determination. — To  apply  these  tables  to  a  concrete  problem 
requires,  first  of  all,  a  more  or  less  intensive  field  examination  of  the 
cut-over  land  in  question  in  order  to  permit  its  classification  into  site 
classes,  and  a  determination  of  the  number  of  acres  available  in 
each.     This  can  best  be  done  by  a  sampling  process  in  which  the 


434  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

site  is  determined  at  a  number  of  points  scattered  throughout  the 
tract.  If  the  site  numbers  are  then  entered  on  a  map  (preferably 
one  showing  the  topography  by  means  of  contours),  zone  lines  indi- 
cating the  approximate  limits  of  the  classes  present  can  be  drawn, 
and  the  area  of  each  site  computed  in  any  convenient  manner.  Too 
great  refinement  is  probably  not  justifiable  in  this  work,  and  the 
method  of  locating  the  samples  will  depend  on  the  degree  of  accur- 
acy sought  and  on  other  practical  considerations  involved  in  each 
particular  case.  The  method  of  determining  the  site  for  a  specific 
sample  must,  however,  be   understood. 

There  are  two  alternative  plans  possible.  The  first  involves  laying 
out  sample  plots  similar  to  those  which  form  the  basis  for  the  yield 
tables.  If  this  method  (described  fully  on  page  442)  is  followed 
the  age  of  the  existing  stand  and  the  average  height  of  its  dominant 
and  codominant  trees  are  first  determined.  The  values  obtained 
should  then  be  plotted  on  figure  1,  page  435,  by  entering  a  small 
cross  vertically  above  the  determined  age  and  horizontally  opposite 
the  calculated  average  height.  It  will  be  observed  that  the  figure  is 
divided  by  curves  into  5  zones,  each  allotted  to  a  given  site  class.  The 
zone  in  which  the  cross  falls  is  the  site  class  of  the  sample  investigated. 

While  the  method  just  described  is  the  more  accurate,  it  is 
laborious  and  will  often  prove  too  expensive.  Moreover,  most  of  the 
cut-over  land  existing  today  is  not  fully  stocked,  and  in  such  stands 
it  is  sometimes  difficult  to  decide  what  trees  should  be  classified  as 
dominants  and  codominants.  In  many  cases,  therefore,  another 
method  is  preferable.  The  second  process  consists  of  determining 
the  age  of  each  stand  and  then  measuring  the  height  of  the  tallest 
tree  in  each  of  several  well  defined  clumps  of  sprouts  and  computing 
the  average.  (Stunted  or  otherwise  abnormal  clumps  should  not 
be  included.)  The  resulting  average  should  be  reduced  by  6  per 
cent,9  and  the  result  entered  on  figure  1  as  before. 

This  rule  applies,  however,  only  to  stands  which  are  fairly  well 
stocked.  In  very  open  stands  it  has  been  found  that  the  clumps  of 
sprouts  do  not  reach  their  normal  height.10  In  such  cases  a  correc- 
tion for  density  should  be  made  by  adding  13  per  cent  to  the  average 
height  obtained.  Where  the  two  corrections  are  both  required 
they  may  be  combined  and  6  per  cent  added;  (.94X1.13  =  1.06). 
If  a  factor  of  conservatism  is  desired  in  classifying  the  site  this 
correction  may  be  ignored. 

9  The  statistical  basis  for  this  figure  is  given  on  page  447. 

io  This  statement  is  in  conflict  with  the  theories  of  some  writers,  but  the 
evidence  for  it  seems  conclusive.     See  pages  447-449. 


BULLETIN  361]      yiELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


435 


© 
© 


- 

= 

B 
o 

O 

Q 

<n 
cs 

CO 

s 

<-" 

•  l-H 

s 

o 
A 

o 

-d 
bo 

•  rH 
© 

© 
be 
c3 
H 
© 
> 


^  Site  I 


[  Site  II 


•Site  III 


}■  Site  IV 


!►«,- 


Site  V 


5    10    15    20    25    30    35    40    45    50    55    60 

Age  in  Years. 
Fig.  1 — Height  Curves  Used  in  Determining  Site. 


436  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

In  some  instances  stands  will  be  encountered  in  which  such 
species  as  Douglas  fir,  white  fir,  or  Sitka  spruce,  are  predominant, 
and  redwood  is  not  present  in  sufficient  amounts  to  make  the  pro- 
cedure just  described  practicable.  In  such  a  case  the  former  alter- 
native must  be  adopted  and  the  average  height  of  the  dominant 
and  codominant  tree  of  the  principal  species  should  be  determined. 
Since  all  three  of  the  species  mentioned  above  are  taller  than  red- 
wood at  the  ages  dealt  with  in  the  yield  table,  it  is  then  necessary 
to  apply  a  reduction  factor  to  this  value.  This  factor  is  16  per  cent 
for  Douglas  fir  and  white  fir  and  20  per  cent  for  spruce.11  The 
modified  value  thus  obtained  is  the  approximate  average  height  which 
would  have  been  attained  by  dominant  and  codominant  redwoods  on 
the  same  soil,  and  may  therefore  be  plotted  in  figure  1  as  previously 
described. 

The  use  of  associated  species  in  this  manner  to  determine  site 
class  cannot  be  considered  rigorously  accurate  and  the  method  should 
never  be  used  except  in  the  case  of  land  which  is  obviously  suited 
to  the  growth  of  redwood. 

Where  redwood,  fir,  and  spruce  are  all  present  in  considerable 
numbers  it  is  well  to  strengthen  the  accuracy  of  the  site  classification 
by  using  each  species  in  turn  and  averaging  the  results. 

Determination  of  Stocking  Factors. — By  some  one  of  the  fore- 
going methods  the  number  of  acres  of  land  of  each  site  class  on  a 
given  tract  may  be  determined.  These  values  multiplied  by  the 
appropriate  values  selected  from  the  yield  tables  will  give  the  produc- 
tive capacity  of  the  tract.  It  is  improbable,  however,  that  the  full 
amount  of  timber  thus  estimated  can  actually  be  obtained.  Sprouts 
alone  will  probably  never  result  in  full  stocking,  and  even  under 
the  best  possible  conditions  and  with  the  best  care  that  is  economi- 
cally justifiable,  there  will  be  some  failures  in  the  replanting  of  the 
cut-over  lands,  some  damage  from  fire  during  the  life  of  the  stand, 
some  defect  found  in  the  final  product,  and  some  unavoidable  break- 
age in  felling,  etc.  Just  how  much  will  be  lost  from  all  these  causes 
can  only  be  conjectured,  since  experience  to  guide  us  in  our  estimates 
is  of  course  as  yet  entirely  lacking.  It  seems  probable,  however, 
that  conservative  timber  owners  will  wish  to  discount  the  final  yield 
by  at  least  10  to  20  per  cent. 

In  the  case  of  second  growth  stands  already  established,  and 
where  planting  is  impracticable,  a  far  heavier  reduction  figure  will 
usually  be  necessary.  Such  stands  are  rarely  fully  stocked  and  may 
be  very  scantily  stocked.     In  such  instances  it  will  be  necessary  to 

11  See  pages  449-450  for  the  statistical  basis  for  these  figures. 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  437 

determine  the  per  cent  of  stocking  now  on  the  ground.  This  may  be 
effected  by  a  sampling  process,  representative  strips  or  plots  being 
laid  out  and  the  trees  therein  carefully  measured  and  recorded.  The 
basal  area  per  acre  should  then  be  computed  and  compared  with  that 
given  in  the  yield  table  for  stands  of  the  same  age  and  site,  the 
ratio  between  the  two  figures  being  the  stocking  factor.  The  final 
yield  for  the  given  site  should  then  be  reduced  by  multiplying  it 
by  this  factor.  It  should  be  noted  that  this  procedure  gives  some- 
what conservative  results,  since  the  fact  is  well  established  that 
where  existing  trees  are  well  distributed  the  stocking  factor  improves 
with  age.  This  increase  will  tend  to  compensate  for  the  reduced 
height  growth  in  open  stands. 

AN  ILLUSTRATIVE  EXAMPLE   OF  THE  USE  OF   THE   TABLES 

The  various  steps  described  above  may  be  better  understood  in 
connection  with  the  following  hypothetical  computation. 

Assume  a  tract  of  1500  acres  which  on  examination  is  found  to  be 
sub-divided  as  follows: 

Virgin  timber  on  river  flats 200  acres 

35-year-old  second  growth  on  river  flats 300  acres 

Virgin  timber  on  uniform  easterly  slopes 600  acres 

25-year-old  second  growth  on  similar  slopes 400  acres 

Total   1,500  acres 

The  average  height  of  the  tallest  tree  in  each  of  a  considerable 
number  of  clumps  of  redwood  sprouts  on  the  river  flats  is  found  to 
be  81  feet.  Since  the  stand  is  very  open  this  is  increased  by  6  per 
cent  (see  page  434),  thus  becoming  86  feet.  This  value  plotted  on 
figure  1  over  an  age  of  35  years  indicates  the  site  class  of  the  river 
flat  to  be  II.  The  200  acres  of  virgin  timber  is  assumed  to  stand  on 
a  similar  site. 

The  slopes  are  largely  covered  with  Douglas  fir  and  the  average 
height  of  dominant  and  codominant  fir  is  found  to  be  60  feet.  The 
corresponding  value  for  redwood  should  be  16  per  cent  less,  or  50 
feet,  and  this  value  plotted  on  figure  1  over  25  years  indicates  that 
the  slopes  are  on  site  III.  Again  the  corresponding  virgin  timber 
is  assumed  to  be  of  the  same  site. 

When  the  virgin  timber  is  cut  the  land  is  to  be  replanted  and 
protected  from  fire,  and  the  second  growth  is  to  be  allowed  to  grow 
for  50  years.     Its  theoretical  yield  for  the  flat  should  then  be  200 


438  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

acres  times  95  m.b.m.  per  acre  (the  yield  table  value  for  50  years 
on  site  II),  which  equals  19,000  m.b.m.  Applying  a  reduction 
factor  of  10  per  cent  to  allow  for  unavoidable  damage,  etc.,  a  yield 
of  19,000  m.b.m.  minus  1900  m.b.m.,  or  17,100  m.b.m.  is  anticipated. 
In  a  similar  way  the  slopes  in  virgin  timber  are  calculated  to  yield 
41,000  m.b.m.  50  years  after  cutting: 

(600X76  m.b.m.  =  45,600  m.b.m. 
45,600  m.b.m.  X  90%  =41,040  m.b.m.) 

The  existing  second  growth  on  the  flat  is  found  to  have  an  average 
basal  area  of  240  square  feet  per  acre.  The  corresponding  value 
from  the  table  for  site  II  at  35  years  is  399  square  feet  per  acre. 
The  stocking  factor  is  therefore  240  divided  by  399,  or  60  per  cent. 
This  is  again  reduced  by  5  per  cent  to  allow  for  breakage  in  logging, 
or  to  57  per  cent  (.95  X  .60  =  .57),  and  the  expected  yield  15  years 
hence,  or  at  50  years  of  age,  is: 

300  X  95  m.b.m.  X  .57  =  16,245  m.b.m. 

The  existing  second  growth  on  the  slope  has,  on  the  other  hand, 
an  average  basal  area  of  but  70  square  feet  per  acre  as  compared 
with  the  316  given  by  the  table  for  site  III  at  25  years  of  age.  Its 
stocking  factor  is  therefore: 

70-^-316  =  22%. 

If  this  is  also  reduced  by  5  per  cent  it  becomes  21  per  cent,  and  the 
expected  yield  25  years  hence  is 

400  X  76  m.b.m.  X  .21  =  6,384  m.b.m. 

To  summarize,  the  yield  to  be  anticipated  is  as  follows: 

River  flats  now  covered  with  second  growth,  16,245  m.b.m.,  15 
years  hence. 

Slopes  now  covered  with  second  growth,  6,384  m.b.m.,  25  years 
hence. 

River  flats  now  covered  with  virgin  timber,  17,100  m.b.m.,  50  years 
after  cutting. 

Slopes  now  covered  with  virgin  timber,  41,040  m.b.m.,  50  years 
after  cutting. 

THE  BASIS  FOE  THE  YIELD  TABLES 

The  data  on  which  these  yield  tables  are  based  were  collected 
cooperatively  by  two  of  the  principal  operating  lumber  companies 
in  Mendocino  and  Humboldt  counties  (the  Union  Lumber  Company 
and  the  Pacific  Lumber  Company),  and  the  Division  of  Forestry 
of  the  University  of  California.12     They  consist  of  detailed  measure- 

12  More  detailed  information  concerning  these  data  will  be  found  on  pages 
451  ff.  of  the  appendix. 


Bulletin  361]     yield  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  439 

ments  on  a  series  of  over  100  sample  plots  well  distributed  through- 
out the  range  of  the  species.  The  method  of  selecting  the  plots,  and 
the  figures  recorded  for  each,  were  as  follows : 

Plot  Selection. — Since  the  general  principle  underlying  a  yield 
study  is  to  base  predictions  of  what  will  occur  in  the  future  on  what 
has  happened  in  the  past,  and  since  no  managed  forests  yet  exist,  it 
was  necessary  to  locate  the  plots  in  stands  which,  through  a  fortun- 
ate combination  of  circumstances,  had  fortuitously  become  fully 
stocked.  This  condition  is  encountered  but  rarely  and  then  only  in 
small  areas  in  anv  one  locality.  A  thorough  search  was  therefore 
necessary  in  order  to  locate  desirable  material  for  studj7.  When  the 
material  was  found  a  plot  was  laid  out,  its  boundaries  carefully 
marked  and  surveyed  and  its  area  determined.  Very  small  plots 
were  avoided  wherever  possible,  except  in  the  case  of  the  younger 
age  classes ;  other  considerations,  however,  often  made  small  plots 
inevitable.  For  example,  it  was  aimed  to  locate  the  plot  boundaries 
inside  the  area  of  fully  stocked  timber,  as  their  proper  location  was 
thereby  much  simplified ;  yet  this  practice  of  course  decreased  the 
possible  size  of  the  plot.  Where  the  loss  in  plot  area  seemed  too 
serious  and  it  was  necessary  to  include  the  whole  area  of  fully 
stocked  growth  within  the  plot,  care  was  taken  to  so  locate  the 
boundaries  as  to  include  at  least  the  whole  crown  area  of  the  trees 
standing  within  the  plot.  A  rectangular  shape  was  not  adhered  to, 
since  to  do  that  would  have  reduced  either  the  plot  areas  or  their 
completeness  of  stocking  more  than  was  desired.  However,  triangu- 
lar shapes  in  particular  and  acute  angles  in  general  were  avoided. 
Surveys  were  made  with  staif  compass,  and  tape. 

The  difficulty  experienced  in  finding  fully  stocked  stands  and 
the  small  size  of  such  areas  as  were  found  indicate  that  only  by 
planting  and  adequate  protection  can  the  maximum  productivity 
of  the  land  be  obtained. 

Age  Determination. — Ages  were  determined  by  ring  counts  made 
with  the  aid  of  increment  borers.  In  some  instances  freshly  cut 
stumps  in  the  neighborhood  were  used  to  supplement  or  replace  these 
borings,  while  historical  confirmation  was  sought  whenever  possible 
from  local  residents  who  remembered  the  date  at  which  logging 
took  place.  Since  the  borings  were  made  at  breast  height,  allowance 
had  to  be  made  for  the  time  required  by  the  young  tree  to  reach  this 
height.  In  the  case  of  sprout  redwood  the  allowance  was  one  year, 
while  for  Douglas  fir,  white  fir,  and  spruce  seven  years  were  added, 
the  values  being  determined  by  an  examination  of  a  considerable 
number  of  young  saplings  of  these  species. 


440  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

Plots  which  were  not  essentially  even  aged  were  not  used.  Where 
there  was  a  small  range  of  ages  the  highest  number  of  years  found 
was  the  age  assigned  to  the  plot. 

Diameter  Measurements. — The  diameter  of  every  tree  over  2.6 
inches  on  the  plot  was  measured  with  a  diameter  tape  and  recorded 
to  the  nearest  inch  according  to  its  crown  class  (i.e.,  dominant, 
codominant,  etc.).  Wherever  possible  the  measurement  was  taken 
4.5  feet  from  the  ground,  but  in  fairly  numerous  instances  trees 
grew  so  close  together  in  clumps  as  to  make  this  impracticable.  The 
measurements  which,  as  a  result,  were  taken  higher  up  the  trunk 
introduce  a  slight  factor  of  conservatism  at  this  point. 

Height  Measurement. — The  heights  of  a  dozen  or  more  trees  of 
each  important  species  were  measured  by  either  the  Forest  Service 
hypsometer  or  the  Faustmann  hypsometer,  the  distance  of  the 
observer  from  the  tree  being  obtained  by  means  of  a  light  cord  of 
known  length.  The  trees  selected  for  measurement  were  representa- 
tive and  covered  the  range  of  diameters  present.  Their  heights  when 
plotted  on  cross  section  paper  established  a  curve  from  which  could 
be  read  the  average  height  of  trees  of  any  required  diameter  on 
the  plot. 

Computations. — The  computations  required  are  self-evident  with 
the  exception  of  those  for  volume.  The  volume  in  board  feet  was 
obtained  by  means  of  the  diameter  tally,  the  height  diameter  curve, 
and  a  volume  table.13  The  volume  in  cubic  feet  was  obtained  by 
the  formula  V  =  BAXHX  P : 

Where  V  =  volume  of  any  crown  class,  BA  =  basal  area  in 
square  feet,  H  =  height  in  feet  of  average  tree,  and  F  =  form  factor 
of  average  tree.  The  following  form  factors,  deduced  from  941  tree 
measurements  taken  by  the  U.  S.  Forest  Service  (see  Bulletin  334 
mentioned  above)   were  used. 

No  volume  tables  or  form  factors  were  available  for  the  three 
principal  associated  species,  Douglas  fir,  white  fir,  and  spruce,  and 
it  was  therefore  necessary  to  compute  their  volumes  by  means  of 
the  redwood  tables.  The  bark  of  all  these  species  is  much  thinner 
than  that  of  redwood  so  that  the  results  obtained  by  this  method 
were  undoubtedly  too  low.  Correction  factors  of  5  per  cent  for 
Douglas  fir  and  white  fir,  and  10  per  cent  for  spruce,  based  on  a 
comparatively  small  number  of  tree  measurements  and  a  somewhat 
limited  study  of  bark  thickness  were  therefore  added.  These  values 
are  considerably  lower  than  those  indicated  by  the  data  available  and 
are  probably  ultra-conservative. 

is  Bruce,  Donald.  Preliminary  Volume  Tables  for  Second  Growth  Redwood, 
Bull.  No.  334,  of  this  series,  October,  1921. 


BULLETIN  361]      yiELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  441 

Table  5. — Form  Factors  for  Redwood 

D.B.H.  Form  Factor 

3  inches .45 

4  inches .43 

5  inches .41 

6  inches .39 

7  inches .37 

8  inches .36 

9  inches .35 

10-11  inches 34 

12-14  inches 33 

15-18  inches 32 

19-40  inches 31 

(These  form  factors  are  the  ratios  between  the  volume  of 
the  stem  of  the  tree  without  bark  and  the  volume  of  a  cylinder 
of  the  same  (height  andjof  a  diameter  equal  to  its  d.  b.  h., 
outside  thejoark.) 

Treatment  of  Veterans  on  Plots.  —  Sometimes,  though  not 
frequently,  it  was  found  necessary  to  include  within  the  plot  boundar- 
ies one  or  more  trees  which  were  obviously  left  uncut  at  the  time 
of  logging  and  which  were  therefore  considerably  older  than  the 
main  second  growth  stand.  It  is  evident  that  the  full  volume  of 
trees  such  as  these  cannot  be  credited  to  a  plot.  On  the  other  hand, 
to  leave  it  out  altogether  is  ultra-conservative,  since  they  have  been 
occupying  a  considerable  portion  of  the  plot  area,  which  in  their 
absence  could  have  been  filled  by  one  or  more  additional  second 
growth  trees.  For  each  of  the  original  trees,  therefore,  was  substi- 
tuted one  tree  of  a  size  equal  to  that  of  the  average  dominant  on 
the  plot.  This  procedure  probably  errs  considerably  on  the  side  of 
conservatism. 

The  identification  of  these  veteran  trees,  which  were  sometimes 
only  slightly  larger  than  the  true  second  growth,  was  less  difficult 
than  might  have  been  supposed,  for  three  characteristics  were  avail- 
able :  (1)  the  bark  texture  of  young  trees  is  quite  different  from 
that  of  veterans;  (2)  the  branching  habit  of  young  trees  which  have 
many  long  laterals  close  to  the  ground  (these  persist  as  dead  branches 
many  years  after  the  foliage  has  died  from  lack  of  sufficient  sunlight) 
is  distinctive;  (3)  veterans  left  in  a  young  stand  almost  inevitably 
project   well   above   it   in   height. 


442  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


SAMPLE  PLOTS  FOE  DETERMINING  THE  STOCKING  FACTOR 

The  owner  of  timberland  who  wishes  to  determine  the  stocking 
factor  for  his  land  must  follow  very  much  the  same  procedure  as 
that  outlined  above.  In  this  case,  however,  the  plots  should  repre- 
sent average  density  rather  than  full  stocking  and  should  be  located 
with  this  end  in  view.  Attainment  of  this  object  is  easier  if  relatively 
large  plots  are  selected  and  the  proper  location  of  boundaries,  if 
this  is  done,  involves  little  difficulty.  If,  as  suggested  on  page  431, 
the  basal  area  be  used  as  a  stocking  index,  the  volume  computations 
described  above  are  obviously  superfluous. 


SAMPLE   PLOTS   FOR   SITE    DETERMINATION 

Such  plots  may  also  be  used  for  site  determination,  but  in  some 
cases  special  plots  selected  for  this  purpose  only  may  be  desirable. 
In  such  instances  the  procedure  may  be  somewhat  modified  and 
materially  abridged.  Quite  small  plots  are  entirely  satisfactory  and 
their  area  need  not  be  determined.  The  age  should  be  carefully 
ascertained,  but  only  the  dominants  and  codominants  need  be  meas- 
ured for  height  and  diameter.  The  computation  of  the  average 
height  of  dominants  and  codominants  is  as  follows:  (1)  compute  the 
total  basal  area14  of  dominants  and  codominants;  (2)  divide  this 
value  by  the  number  of  dominant  and  codominant  trees  to  obtain 
the  average  basal  area;  (3)  calculate  the  diameter  of  a  tree  having 
this  average  basal  area;  (4)  look  up  the  corresponding  height  in  the 
height  diameter  curve:  (5)  modify  this  value  by  the  proper  correc- 
tion factor  if  the  stand  is  understocked  (see  pages  447-449)  or  if  a 
species  other  than  redwood  is  being  used  (see  pages  449-451). 

CONCLUSION 

Only  one  familiar  with  the  yield  tables  for  other  species  will 
appreciate  the  full  significance  of  the  remarkable  figures  for  redwood 
presented  here.  It  is  therefore  desirable  to  cite  a  few  instances 
for  purposes  of  comparison.  One  of  the  standard  European  yield 
tables  is  that  of  Schwappach  for  Norway  spruce,  one  of  the  fastest 
growing  species  used  by  German  foresters.  At  60  years  of  age  on 
the  best  site  this  species  is  assigned  a  basal  area  of  231  square  feet 


is  Gallaher,  W.  H.,  ' ' Secondgrowth  Yellow  Pine."  Forest  Quarterly,  vol.  XI, 
circles,  such  as  is  given  in  H.  S.  Graves,  "Forest  Mensuration/'  pages 
376-385,  and  H.  H.  Chapman,  "Forest  Mensuration, "  pages  480-491.  Slightly 
less  convenient  tables  may  be  found  in  any  engineering  handbook. 


Bulletin  361]     YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  443 

per  acre  and  a  volume  of  8,798  cubic  feet.  Redwood  at  the  same 
age  and  on  the  best  site  has  a  basal  area  of  486  square  feet  and  a 
volume  of  20,200  cubic  feet  per  acre.  Western  yellow  pine  on  the 
best  site  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  produces,  according  to  Gallaher,15 
a  volume  of  52  m.b.m.  (International  rule)  per  acre  at  60  years  of 
age  while  the  comparable  figure  from  the  redwood  table  is  139  m.b.m. 
One  of  the  most  rapid  growing  conifers  in  the  eastern  United  States 
is  the  white  pine,  which  at  50  years  of  age,  and  again  on  site  I,  yields 
55  m.b.m.16    Redwood,  it  will  be  seen,  exceeds  this  by  111  per  cent. 

On  poorer  sites  the  growth  of  redwood  is  equally  remarkable. 
Basal  area  in  particular,  while  less  on  the  poor  sites  than  on  the 
good,  is,  as  compared  with  that  of  other  species,  exceptionally  insensi- 
tive to  site  conditions.  As  to  volume,  it  should  be  noted  that  the 
yields  of  redwood  on  site  III  far  exceed  those  of  the  above  mentioned 
three  species  on  site  I. 

The  low  age  at  which  redwood  reaches  a  size  which  would  be  con- 
sidered merchantable  in  most  forest  regions  is  also  of  interest.  Nor- 
way spruce,  according  to  the  Schwappach  tables,  has  its  maximum 
average  annual  volume  growth  at  about  80  years  of  age  on  site  III, 
and  at  this  age  the  average  tree  is  only  8.5  inches  in  diameter  and  69 
feet  tall.  In  the  case  of  redwood,  equal  diameters  can  be  obtained 
at  25  years,  and  equal  heights  at  40.  On  site  I,  at  the  exceedingly 
low  age  of  20  years,  the  average  redwood  is  8  inches  d.b.h.  and  50 
feet  high;  the  comparable  figures  for  Norway  spruce  are  2.6  inches 
and  20  feet. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  multiply  instances.  Suffice  it  to  say  that 
the  redwood  has  apparently  the  most  rapid  growth  of  all  the  conifers, 
and  that  it  can  be  raised  on  the  shortest  rotation.  This  fact  coupled 
with  the  comparative  ease  of  reproduction  and  the  relatively  low 
fire  risk  make  it  perhaps  our  most  attractive  species  for  forest 
management. 


isGallaher,  W.  H.,  "  Secondgrowth  Yellow  Pine. "     Forest  Quarterly,  vol.  XI, 
no.  4,  pages  531  ff.,  December,  1913. 

16  From    "Forest   Mensuration   of   the  White   Pine   in    Massachusetts,"   by 
H.  O.  Cook. 


444  UNIVERSITY    OP    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


APPENDIX 

BASIC    DATA 

The   basic   data   for   this   study,    summarized   in   table   9,   pages 

452  to  467,  consist  of  136  plots  of  which  34  were  measured  by  the 

forest^  departments  of  the  Union  Lumber  Company  and  the  Pacific 

Lumber  Company  and  the  remainder  by  the  staff  and  assistants  of 

the  Division  of  Forestry  of  the  University.   Their  location  by  counties 

is  as  follows : 

Mendocino 55 

Humboldt 52 

Sonoma 13 

Santa  Cruz 10 

Del  Norte 3 

Alameda 1 

Butte17 : 1 

135 
Of  these  plots  96  were  used  in  the  tables,  15  (plots  nos.  3,  10,  16, 
51,  53,  65,  74,  89,  90,  91,  97,  118,  120,  121,  122)   were  unavailable 
for   this  purpose   because   redwood  was   not   present   in   appreciable 
quantities  and  24  were  discarded  for  the  following  reasons: 

Understocked 12  (plots  nos.  25,  30,  35,  66,  67,  69, 

82,  103,  107,  132,  133,  134) 
Plot  boundaries  possibly  located  too  close  to 

trees  within  plot 5  (plots  nos.  83,  84,  101,  102,  119) 

Uneven  aged 2  (plots  nos.  85,  113) 

Over-dense 2  (plots  nos.  34,  80) 

Plantation  outside  natural  range  of  redwood 1  (plot  no.  124) 

Sites  IV  and  V 2  (plots  nos.  125,  135) 

In  discarding  plots,  all  those  which  had  a  basal  area  25  per  cent 
above  or  below  the  average  for  their  site  and  age  were  critically 
examined,  the  relative  number  of  trees  on  them  and  their  average 
d.b.h.,  as  well  as  the  description  of  the  plot  itself  being  taken  into 
consideration  in  deciding  whether  or  not  they  could  be  used.  It 
should  be  noted  that  in  the  group  thus  indicated  as  apparently  over- 
stocked were  a  number  of  the  surest  plots  measured,  i.e.,  those  of 
good  size,  with  ideal  distribution  and  density,  and  with  boundaries 
which  were  located  without  difficulty  or  danger  of  error.  This  fact 
would  appear  to  indicate  that  throughout  the  study  the  words  'fully 
slocked'  had  been  so  liberally  interpreted  that  the  resulting  tables 
should   be  conservative. 

i'  An  interesting  and  successful  plantation  at  Chico.  See  table  9,  plot 
No.  124. 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


445 


The  distribution  according  to  site  and  age  class  of  the  96  plots 
(with  2  additional  plots  from  sites  IV  and  V)  is  as  follows: 

Table  6. — Distribution  of  Plots  According  to  Site  and  Age  Class 

Site 


A 

ge  Class 

I 

II 

III 

IV 

V 

Total 

Number 

of  Plots 

20-24. 

3 
5 
7 
5 
7 
10 
10 
7 

54 

6 
3 
3 

4 
16 

1 
1 

1 

1 

3 

25-29. 

5 

10 

30-34 

5 

18 

35-39. 

4 

12 

40-44. 

6 

16 

45-49 
50-54. 

3 
2 

13 

17 

55  + 

Total 

1 
26 

9 

98 

The  relationship  between  the  physiographic  location  of  the  plots 
and  their  site  classification  is  given  in  table  7. 

Table  7. — Relation  Between  Site  and  Physiographic  Location 

Physiographic  Location 


Site 
Class 

'           I 

II 

III 

IV 

.     v 

Alluvial  Flat 

Slope                Bench 

Ridge 

Total 

County 

Number  of  Plots 

Del  Norte  and 
Humboldt 

13                   1 

21                  9 

5                   1 

3 
2 

14 
33 

8 

Total 

39                 11 

1.8              2.0 

5 
2.4 

55 

Average  site 

1.9 

Mendocino, 
Sonoma, 
Alameda, 
Santa  Cruz 

"     I 

II 
III 

IV 
V 

10 

18 
6 
1 

4 
13 
10 

3 

4 
5 

2 

14 

35 

21 

4 

2 

Total 

35 
1.9 

30                 

11 

76 

Average  site 

2.4 

3.0 

2.3 

All  counties 

combined          ■* 

I 

II 
III 
IV 

v 

10 

18 
6 
1 

17                   1 
34                  9 
15                   1 
3 

7 
7 

2 

28 
68 
29 

4 

2 

Total 

35 

67                 11 

16 

13118 

i«  The  remaining  4  plots   for  various   reasons   could  not  be  assigned  with 
certainty  to  a  site  class. 


446  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

The  table  indicates:  (a)  that  while  the  physic-graphically  favor- 
able locations  average  higher  in  site,  yet  there  is  a  wide  range  of 
sites  within  each  (see,  however,  page  449)  ;  (b)  that  similar  locations 
average  better  in  site  in  the  two  northern  counties  than  they  do  in 
Mendocino  county  or  farther  south.  This  difference  is  consistent 
with  the  character  of  the  stands  of  virgin  timber  in  the  two  regions. 

Table  8  gives  information  concerning  the  areas  of  the  plots. 
Most  of  the  smaller  plots  occurred  in  the  younger  age  classes. 

Table  8 — Areas  of  Plots 

Size  Class  Number  of  Plots 

.06-  .15  acres 28 

.16-  .25  acres 33 

.26-  .35  acres 18 

.36—  .45  acres 9 

.46—  .55  acres 2 

.56—  .65  acres 1 

.66-f-        acres 5 

Average  area  per  plot  0.265  acres.  96 

THE    EFFECT    OF    PLOT    AREA 

Since,  as  indicated  in  the  preceding  table,  and  for  reasons  already 
explained  (page  439),  a  considerable  number  of  the  plots  taken 
were  small  in  area,  an  investigation  was  made  to  see  if  there  was 
any  evidence  of  the  introduction  of  an  error  into  the  tables  from 
this  cause.  On  comparing  the  basal  area  of  each  plot  with  the 
tabular  basal  area  for  its  site  class  and  age,  it  was  found  that  the 
39  plots  having  an  area  less  than  .2  acre  averaged  5  per  cent  above 
the  figures  given  in  table.  This  discrepancy  might  be  taken  to 
mean  that  the  boundaries  of  the  small  plots  had  been  located  a  little, 
though  not  seriously,  too  close  to  the  trees  included  in  them.  A 
more  probable  explanation  is  that,  in  the  effort  to  secure  plots  as  large 
as  possible,  areas  which  were  not  fully  stocked  were  often  accepted 
and  that  this  tendency  was  more  marked  in  the  case  of  plots  of  larger 
size.    In  either  case  the  discrepancy  is  too  small  to  be  important. 

THE    RELATION    BETWEEN    AVERAGE    HEIGHT    OF    DOMINANTS 

AND   CODOMINANTS   AND    AVERAGE   HEIGHT   OF 

CLUMPS  OF  SPROUTS 

This  relationship,  knowledge  of  which  is  needed  for  the  reasons 
stated  on  page  434,  was  determined  from  the  measurements  of  the 
height  of  60  plots  taken  by  both  methods.  The  results  obtained  are 
shown  graphically  in  figure  2.  A  straight  line  through  the  origin 
expresses  the  results  quite  satisfactorily.  Its  slope  indicates  that 
the  inenn  extreme  height  of  the  clumps  as  determined  by  the  method 


Bulletin  361]     yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood 


447 


outlined  on  page  434  exceeds  the  mean  height   of   dominants  and 
codominants  on  the  average  by  6.7  per  cent. 


S 

o 

o 
<o 

CD 
ft 


bo 

w 
s 
s 

•  (-I 

© 

bfl 

C3 

<X> 
l> 

< 


II  '  ;i,:  ,       ;  1 1  i : i    nr  1 1 1 rn — m    rn"    i            i       !  i  * 

!               Ill           1       I                      '             '  M         1                    '             1/ 

III                                 'ill            1  '                  i  '            1                           1            \    A 

~T              I  1  1      tl              "111       1—1          II              III-    11              II                     I                 I                                             i,1 

lin    "T4""         II          1              1 1 .4                L J                                   X 

i4u       -■■      i                                             i       i              i           1                      /; 

M 1    ■        1     1  ■             '                 !                 t               I           Sa 

T          !                                                           1                 '                                  '                               1                /      iT 

1 1  ■                                                   1                       1          1  '  1                 /     *? 

nn      I           j                        hii                                          I         M       1  M         !        /         i 

1JU                 ri               I    I II           •    l<"                                         i                    \      A 

-   ;               I                                 i                  M           i                  II                        / 

r  1      1    1        1     1                                                                                     / 

'               '                      '                                 I     I  '           I         l                        V      1 

i  «n                     '         ' . . ..  -  .J.       .    .  .  .                   Li               t                              # 

l^'U                                       1  '                                    i             hi                    /   4 

1                             i  i                                 1  '                                 /     A 

1       Mi                1                                                1           M       '                 / 

Mill        1                  1  1     1  1     1        II        1                /            1 

1 1  n               ;  l  :              IN'                      '         -L.J      '        •           t  \                  \ 

110       T  '  ;                   •  ■         '                       i                                                1         1           L,        A 

Mr                                                   i        •'    /  '(■ 

!                                        '           '                                                                     I       ' 

ill     111     1  1  lll'II1                                  <Jy 

inn      U    .                          M                         1              i                            \A           1 

ioo        t     i   \       !                        i                             A                      i   i 

I'll                         '                          '                          A 

1               ■    1                         i                                                 /                                 '     i     ' 

'                     l       y 

no       '                 '                                i                       i  J?'                                 L I  , 

,,j              ii       M                  t'                  ViA                                  l     i 

t     J  '                i                              i         i  /  ^ 

'  1                              I  '                                                '          £'  L-                            f     *       1                        1  '  1         ' 

i:       t ]          ii     i             * y                            i '    i 

cO         L-.|J .,  J        '            ;          '                        !               fjrl       1            !  1                                  '  1 

■  '              '  '        '     '        ;  1  '           ;           i              yT  !                        i                                      i           i 

I.I                              I'M                        i  o_          y'l       1                                   f                               1   ' 

I'                                                     /      yi                                         1                         '                        1 

+                                                  I'll1                               |    ,    /  ;       !                                                               1            • 

70                                          '                            '           ®A     1  '             :                                                        , 

'u  .                         ] i          i              T 

1 1                          i             K                '                  ' 

I                    M             1      /f                •                    i 

i      .                         1        y 

fin  .                .                           I          A  M              ,       •  ■.                       '    ' 

"                r        1             '  '                   ]A9   '  i  !           i           I                 r               i           ! 

■.::."   1           i                 If;   ii           M               '                     1  ' 

1                   !  i    '         1  ■  41  T             '      '        '      M        !      '          ;             1 

rn "  ■■"  t  T     . ,   !    i      ,y>    i  i  !   ■  "     M 1  "  1 1       i       ii--1-   1 — r 

ou           i                -I          h/    ,         I                            r       1                      M 

-  ■    |                                   \      A          '                                                                                      1  ' 

1             f                        j'I                                                        !                                                              1 

'  ^                                     ■     '           '          r       - 

in            T~                       /  '           '                                  i          l.L-J        ' 

■*u           i                    A        \    '                   Mi       '                      )  r      ■      ■ 

T                  /                       J                     '       '                M 

/ 

in              !                 /    ,,                            .                  "  !              M                    ; 

6J            ^r_        t-  tT' -                             i    i ■  I                    f                      ' 

-  T         i  ^                           .......            ...                                   |       j 

1/                                  it          t    I 

T-   V  A                                        .                    1                              .                                      1 

°n                 L-                            L...J...J                   !    '              '    i                           - 

-u      _      \     /  '                                                        ■                                             ! 

T^T                                                                 1                                                  ! 

^     1                                                 '                              '                                       !    i 

in          A,            I                           1 

1U         '     1    _|_i_         _■                                       I               t                                               Mill         1      II         III         III 

'   X   J                                      " '         1                                                                                   ' 

.,'tt: .                                                                                                i 

,?        T^  T    _.  _ .                                         1               *               1           1             '                 t 

tU — j — I 1 | — __L_LLJ L — u 1 , — i — u LL. 

Fig. 


10       20       30       40        50       60       70        80       90       100     110     120      130      140 
Average  Height  in  Feet  of  Dominants  and  Codominants. 

2. — Eelation  Between  Average   Maximum   Height   of  Clumps   and 
Average  Height  of  Dominants  and  Codominants. 


THE  EFFECT  OF  DENSITY  ON  HEIGHT  GEOWTH 

The  method  of  site  determination  by  height,  growth  described  on 
pages  433-436  is  one  which  has  been  quite  generally  adopted  by  Amer- 
ican foresters.  It  is  based  on  the  theory  that  height  growth  is  either 
unaffected  by  variations  in  density  or  is  at  least  relatively  insensi- 
tive to  them.  It  seemed  necessary  to  check  this  assumption  in  the 
case  of  redwood,  a  species  which  has  been  very  little  investigated. 
Data  were  collected  in  the  following  manner.  Wherever  possible 
several  clumps  of  sprouts  were  found  in  close  proximity  to  each 
plot  which  were  (a)  of  the  same  age,  (b)  on  apparently  the  same 
site,  and  (c)  in  a  much  more  open  stand.  The  tallest  tree  in  each 
was  selected  and  its  height  and  d.b.h.  measured.     A  count  of  the 


448 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


trees  around  it  (usually  on  a  one-quarter  acre  circle)  was  made. 
These  three  values,  height,  d.b.h.,  and  number  of  trees  per  acre, 
were  then  averaged  and  compared  with  similar  figures  taken  within 
the  plot. 

Such  measurements  were  taken  on  28  plots.  (In  a  large  number 
of  cases,  of  course,  suitable  material  could  not  be  found.)  When 
averaged  the  results  obtained  are  as  follows: 


Within  the  plots 

In  open  stands  outside  the  plots. 


rerage  Number  of 
Trees  per  Acre 

Average 
D.B.H. 

Average 
Height 

487 

19.0  inches 

95  feet 

201 

21.1  inches 

84  feet 

72 

o 

s 

a 

•  pH 

02 

Ph 

S 

a 

i— i 

o 

O 
-^> 

o> 


A 

bo 

•  IH 

w 

be 

G8 

u 

> 


10    20    30    40    50    60    70    80    90    100    110 

Average  Height  in  Feet  of  Clumps  in  Poor  Density  Stands. 

Fig.  3.— Eelation  Between  Average  Height  of  Clumps  in  Normal  Density 

and  in  Poor  Density  Stands. 

The  average  height  within  the  plots  (i.e.,  in  fully  stocked  stands) 
exceeds  that  of  the  open  stands  by  13  per  cent.  It  should  be  noted 
moreover,  that  in  only  two  out  of  twenty-eight  instances  did  the 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD  449 

heights  within  individual  plots  show  a  relationship  in  the  reverse 
direction.  There  were  in  addition,  however,  two  plots  in  which 
height  growth  was  distinctly  and  obviously  stunted  by  overcrowding. 
Figure  3  indicates  that  the  value  obtained  (13  per  cent)  is  approxi- 
mately the  same  for  short  or  tall  stands. 

The  data  available  did  not  permit  of  a  more  detailed  analysis 
of  the  effect  of  density  on  height  growth  and  no  answer  could  be 
obtained  to  the  question  of  how  much  it  may  vary  before  the  height 
growth  will  be  affected.  It  seems  possible,  however,  that  variations 
in  the  degree  of  stocking  may  be  in  part  responsible  for  the  appar- 
ently wide  range  of  sites  encountered  under  similar  physiographic 
conditions  (see  page  445).  This  possibility  is,  however,  more  interest- 
ing than  important,  for  if  in  using  the  tables  the  same  methods  of 
site  determination  as  were  used  in  constructing  them  are  employed 
no  serious  error  will  result. 

RELATION   BETWEEN   HEIGHT    OF    THE    ASSOCIATED    SPECIES    AND 

OF    REDWOOD 

The  data  available  for  investigating  this  relationship  were  found 
in  the  plots  on  which  Douglas  fir,  white  fir,  and  spruce  were  present 
in  material  proportions,  the  numbers  being  respectively  39  for  Douglas 
fir,  31  for  white  fir,  and  8  for  spruce.  It  was  first  necessary  to 
determine  whether  or  not  any  strong  correlation  existed  between 
the  heights  of  the  various  species  under  similar  conditions.  Using 
the  Karl  Pearson  coefficient  of  correlation  the  following  values  were 
obtained : 

Douglas  fir  and  redwood 85  ±  .03 

White  fir  and   redwood 85  ±  .12 

Spruce    and    redwood 87  ±  .06 

These  figures  mark  the  correlation  as  exceedingly  strong.19 
It  was  noted  that  where  Douglas  fir  and  white  fir  occurred  simul- 
taneously their  values  were  essentially  the  same.  For  the  14  plots 
where  this  was  the  case  the  average  height  of  Douglas  fir  was  110.1 
feet  and  that  of  white  fir  109.3  feet,  a  difference  of  less  than  1  per 
cent.  Since  the  data  were  somewhat  scanty  it  seemed  both  desirable 
and  permissible  to  treat  the  two  species  as  one.  Spruce,  however, 
was  materially  different  from  either  of  the  others. 

Figure  4  is  a  graphic  summary  of  this  relationship.  It  seems 
to  justify  the  statement  made  on  page  436  that  the  height  of  redwood 
can  be  deduced  with  reasonable  assurance  from  that  of  its  associated 
species  if  values  for  fir  are  reduced  by  16  per  cent  and  those  for 

!9  In  interpreting  these  coefficients  of  correlation  it  is  customary  to  consider 
that  values  over  .50  indicate  strong  correlation,  provided  the  coefficient  is  at 
least  six  times  the  probable  error.     Perfect  correlation  is  indicated  by  1.00. 


450 


UNIVERSITY    OP    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


spruce  by  20  per  cent.  It  should  be  noted  that  these  percentages 
would  not  be  accurate  for  very  young  stands  (where  sprout  redwood 
exceeds  all  its  associates  in  height  growth),  nor  for  very  old  stands. 
In  virgin  timber,  redwood  is  of  course  by  far  the  tallest  species 
present. 


120 


100 


<x> 

ft 


O 

o 

« 

O 


.2° 
°3 


20  40  60  80  100  120  140 

Height  of  Associated  Species  in  Feet. 

Fig.  4 — Eelation  Between  Average  Height  of  Dominants  and  Codominants 

of  Eedwcod  and  of  Associated  Species. 


EFFECT   OF   VAEIATIONS   IN   COMPOSITION   ON   YIELD 

The  preceding  paragraphs  indicate  that  all  three  of  the  principal 
associated  species  attain  greater  heights  than  redwood  at  the  greater 
ages  under  investigation.  Their  effect  on  basal  area  was  investi- 
gated by  classifying  all  the  plots  in  groups  within  which  the  per- 
centage of  redwood  present  (computed  by  basal  area)  ranged  from 
100  to  80,  from  79  to  60,  from  59  to  40,  etc.  The  ratio  between 
the  basal  area  of  each  plot  and  that  given  in  the  yield  table  for  its 
site  class  and  age  was  then  determined,  and  an  average  value  for 
each  of  the  above  described  composition  classes  was  computed.  The 
results  are  given  graphically  in  figure  5. 

It  is  evident  that  a  decrease  in  the  percentage  of  redwood  present 
is  accompanied  by  a  decrease  in  the  basal  area.  If  redwood  is 
completely  absent,  the  basal  area  falls  to  76  per  cent  of  that  given  in 


Bulletin  361]     yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood 


451 


the  table,  while  if  it  is  the  only  species  present  the  basal  area  rises 
to  5  per  cent  above  that  of  the  table.  (It  must  be  remembered  that 
the  table  itself  is  based  on  stands  only  about  84  per  cent  pure). 
Intermediate  proportions  give  an  average  of  these  extremes  weighted 
by  the  percentages  of  redwood  and  of  associated  species  present. 


mi 

_ ^ 

1 1 1 

4-fff 

. , 

,',','. 

— . — 

:  r  *  t 

—- frrl 

I  r  1 1 1  il  rr 

" '  uu- 

_^ 

4^ 

T+*^ 

i_ 

M 

-Hit 

-+4f: 

r^ 

,  . 



i  •  ■ 

1              II 

.   .  ,  ) 

III 

,  ,  I  ; 

4+44- 

— — 

4444-- 

LLfJ 

o 

.... 

■ .  • ' 

i '  i ; 

tHt 

- — 

— ^ — i 

■    '    1    1    '        ■    M    '    1 

1  •  *  •  '  li  ■  *  *  ■ 

_^H _ 

~*  *■  **- 1 

-fttf 

^T— 

1 1 1 1  - 

o  <p    100 

~rrh~ 

i  j .  j 

mi 

1  ■  r  1  ■ 

ii  1  ■  ■ 

.  j  i  i  t 

ii| 

i .  i : 

■i  !;■  I-'  ■  1 

"     j-: 

-H-r- 

-J [_j_ 

4++f 

wknu 

M 

.  |  | 

4+ff 

-H-+ 

444 

lit 

t 

—44 

1'      i'           ' 

llli 

- — 

1         '        1     ' 

±4454 

^A- 

II 

in 

it'll 

TT 

■  s 

•III 

III!:'1! 

'  1  ■  ! 

fflT 

ii 

i  | 

i 

11 

. 

1 

<< 

4r+r 

411+ 

4+44- 

!  1 

-r 

Til 

Tit 

:?£ 

— ill 

1  |  ,  i  1  i  ,  i  ' 

iltttrtn 

^T— 

4444- 

■Uh+=h 

4ttr 

tnt 

J 

-U-- 

-Vr 

uLi.^ 

— 

_TTT7J 

— ^r— 

4444 

ILIL 

4iU 

i       1       ''/ 
1  '      f 

^*=. 

in ! 

!  '  :  i 

TTTT 

4W- 

-^ 

44-- 

■H-r-r- 

i . 

1 ' ' 

a  c3 

0/1 

: . 

. 

,   ,  |   , 

\  ■ 

■■  .j  ;>:; 

i              |         '     . 

i  ' 

i  .  '  , 

,  ■ 

!   .  !  . 

llll 

m   x      90 

1 , 

1  * '  '  ■  ' 

— 

1 ' 

i 

i ' '  1 1  '  ■ . 

' ! '  'L-J-** 

1 1 

_^ >  -  ..*  — 

I  I  '  1 

C3    C3 

'  '  I  !  1  '  !  I  I 

u-^-^        ■ 

1  ;  i     | 

WPQ 

I      _j.,r 

^          , 

I  j  j ;    ■  i  i 

-u   a> 

-^4— 

tTi  i 

, , : ,  1 1 : : : 

1 

1  !  i  \ 

.   i   i   . 

ii 

I        ,    i 

,  :  i 

i 

m+ 

°  rx 

uJ!^~ 

-H4+ 

1  :  ,  1 

':■''' 

1   ■   r  r  ■  • 

i  '  r  ; 

^T~r 

■ 

H4f 

7T  *°      8° 

X 

B 

r-r*^ 

1  i 

14T 

-£-£ 

'     '  r 

- — ■   1    . 

■       ■   : 

., .  i  |  1!  1  . 

III  j„ 

H 

■;■;      '■: 

|  ■  ■ :  C 

:    '    I  !  :; 

1  ■  t  ■ 1 

'■■:'' 

- —   i '    — 

•    -    1    • 

"I'M     '  [  ' 

zz^- 

-»-»  ^ 

"-rr'    ■  ■  ■ ; 

nil 

■      |  i  '    1 7 

I. 

ii,           ii 

s  ^ 

! '  1 '  I :  I ; I 

1  f 

!!'!!!!! 

; 

'iii     '     '  '' 

!  I ! ' 

iii! 

!    1 1 

Per  C 
Yie 

c 

nil 

■  '  !  ' 

■  .  I  . 

: , i  1 1    ii. 

1  ■  '  '  i      '  • 

— 44 

i  ■  :  '  1  i  ■  : 

t :  •  ■  1 ;  ■  ■  ■  j 

'  |  ■  ■  :  ' 

I.,, 

TTrrTTTTi 

,  .  ,  ,  i    ,  ,  ! 

i .  :  .  .  1 .  1  |J 

'  •  • '   r   ■ ' 

M  ^  1 

— 
— — 

I : : :  j  ■   . 



'     1    ) 



i 

Mil- 

n 

llll 

r4- 
LLLL 

rrr+' 

10  20  30  40  50  60  70  80  90  100 

Per  Cent  Redwood  Basal  Area  of  Total  Basal  Area. 
Fig.  5. — Effect  of  Composition  on  Basal  Area. 

The  volume  of  a  stand  (in  cubic  feet)  is  its  basal  area  times  its 
average  height,  times  its  form  factor.  As  has  been  mentioned  on 
page  440  the  form  factors  of  the  associated  species  are  higher  than 
those  of  redwood  by  at  least  5  per  cent  for  fir  and  10  per  cent  for 
spruce.  Combining  these  values  with  those  already  given  for  height 
and  basal  area,  the  effect  of  the  presence  of  an  associated  species  on 
volume  appears  to  be  from: 

1.05  X  .76  X  1.16  =  .93  for  fir,  to 

1.10  X  .76  X  1.20  =  1.00  for  spruce. 

The  higher  value  for  spruce  is  based  on  insufficient  evidence,  for 
all  species  have  necessarily  been  treated  as  one  in  analyzing  the 
effect  of  basal  area. 

Since  the  values  used  for  the  form  factors  are  probably  ultra- 
conservative,  the  statement  seems  justified  that  the  presence  of  asso- 
ciated species,  at  least  in  moderate  proportions,  does  not  materially 
affect  the  volume. 

The  average  d.b.h.,  also,  will  apparently  not  be  greatly  modified 
by  variations  in  composition,  although  the  evidence  was  found  to  be 
inadequate  for  a  precise  determination  of  this  point. 

PLOT  DATA 
Table  9  gives  the  detailed  plot  data  on  which  the  tables  are  based. 


452 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


CO 

H 
O 

- 

H 

m 
< 

•< 

Q 
o 

I— ( 
CO 


OS 

H 


d 

rH 

t^ 

CO 

O 

O 

CO 

a> 

0 

CM 

co 

3 

<N 

r-l 

CO 

0 

05 

•u 

CO 

rH 

• 

co 

X    CN 

CO 

■* 

00 

00 

■x 

t^ 

00 

X 

X 

<U 

s 

10 

O    00 

t» 

t^. 

r^ 

O 

•X 

CN 

t^ 

X 

03 

V 

t^ 

co  1— 1 

CM 

►o 

iO 

CO 

rH 

CO 

O 

— 
"3 

IO 

'  2 

O 

■CO 

CO 

03  r>- 

00 

00 

0 

T* 

CO 

00    00 

CO 

C 

u 

00 

r— 

co 

HH      rH 

»o 

0 

i-H 

O 

O 

CO    33 

CO 

o 
O 

o3 

CO 

rH 

IO     CO 

CN 

CO 

33 

00 

rH 

33    CM 

O 

T-H 

1-1 

t^ 

rH 

s 

CM 

rH 

■<f    CN 

t^ 

CO 

00 

Tj<     rH 

CO 

CM. 

CO 

"5 

rH    •* 

lO 

■* 

t^    O 

■* 

t~ 

■* 

GO     CO 

co 

C 

O 

33 

iH     lO 

o 

0 

■* 

C3 

CO    rjH 

CO 

CO 

o> 

CO     ^H 

CO 

X 

a 

00 

CO     TjH 

+a 

bo 

s 

Q 

•<+! 

»o 

CO    CO 

CO 

co 

co 

N. 

^H 

r-H 

CO    CM 

d 

rH 

10 

co 

O 

rH 

t^ 

co 

H 

CN 

t>- 

00 

CN 

CN 

CO 

CO 

00 

CM 

"0 

3 

r-H 

rH 

CM 

o 

CO 

a 

-+J 

c 

00 

U2 

CN 

CO     CO 

00 

>o 

■*   00 

•o 

O 

CM 

O 

O 

•^ 

o 

00 

■<*! 

IO     CO 

•o 

CN 

"3 

iO 

CN 

CO 

CN 

CN 

co 

03 

1—1 

T-H 

00 

r— ( 

CM 

lH 

0) 

S 

^3 

fa 

0 

•  = 
0  0 

rH 

CM 

lO 

>*     O 

IO 

CD 

CN 

>o 

t» 

CO    03 

■^ 

«o 

CN 

1— 1 

rH     CO 

»o 

H 

O 

CO 

rH 

t~    tO 

r^i 

3 

CM 

CO 

H 

CN 

CO 

rH 

"3 

3 

rH 

> 

O 

O 

O 

»o   00 

IO 

O 

iO 

O    "O 

CO 

"* 

CO 

O 

CN    CO 

6 

<N 

00 

0  1> 

CO 

33 

*-H 

f~    CN 

IO 

O 

00 

■* 

»o  CO 

0 

00 

C3 

co  tr> 

O 

t^ 

iO 

co 

CN 

rH 

O    CN 

Q 

■* 

CN 

rH 

3 

CO 

00 

t» 

03 

IO 

>o 

rH 

O 

T* 

tQ 

iO 

MS 

>* 

00 

<* 

CO 

« 

-tJ 

&S  % 

-t-> 

c 

1— I 

T* 

OS 

Tf    CN 

CO 

O     "* 

00 

CM 

co 

00 

00 

co 

alls 

cj  o  5 

l> 

10 

CO    00 

rH 
rH 

co  -"t1 

T}< 

t^ 

X 

CO 

CO 

CO 

0  0 

CO 

1*1 

TJH      »0 

CO 

00 

CD 

t» 

00    CO 

■f 

00 

90 

t^    00 

CM 

CD 

00 

00 

t>.    00 

t>. 

aj  o  *« 

,H 

>  cSO 

«! 

a 

*— ( 

03 

-H    CN 

O 

CO 

■*  0 

I> 

"* 

t^ 

00 

H     CO 

0 

o> 

O 

00    O 

-* 

00 

0    00 

O 

^H 

C4 

H 

03    00 

Q 

rH 

rH 

rH 

rH 

H 

rH 

rH 

a> 

co 

CN 

00 

03 

t^ 

CO 

33 

rH 

co 

0, 

co 

N 

O 

CO 

0 

CO 

0 

O 

t^ 

CM 

_,    O    « 

o3+j  « 

03           03 

3 

CO 

CO 

T— 1 

CO 

**l 

CN 

CM 

rH 

rH 

>> 

?— 1 

O 

C3 

■<t!      "* 

rH 

•o 

>> 

■*  o> 

t^ 

CM 

—1 

IO 

IO 

t» 

3 

— 

e 

t^ 

CN 

O 

CO     rH 

co 

00 

43 

3 

rH     TJH 

CM 

03 

t^ 

H 

t^ 

33 

,1  Ar 
ding 
n  CI 

3 

»o 

CO     1-H 

CN 

0 

3 

(>• 

03 

rH 

■<*! 

O 

CM 

O 

O 

10 

00 

IO 

CD    O 

CN 

iO 

O 

C3 

■>* 

IO 

CO   ■* 

IO 

Basa 
accor 
Crow 

0  s 

rH 

b- 

|Q 

-*    O 

rH 

00 

4> 

•* 

-* 

IO 

CO     rH 

IO 

n  ° 

O 
*• 

C3 

CN    CN 

CN 

co 

CM 

O 

00 

H 
rH 

CO   CM 

O 

CO 

10 

CO    CN 

O 

t^ 

rO 

0 

^h    CM 

CD 

co 

rH 

rH 

33    X 

£ 

fc 

•H 

33 

00    t^ 

CO 

C3 

s 

rH 

*&     OS 

IO 

CO 

ITS 

t» 

CN    CO 

0 

"3 
Q 

00 

00 

CO   t~ 

CN 

co 

3 

CO 

CM 

■* 

X 

t^ 

CO 

l^    03 

Q 

CM 

CN 

CM      r-H 

M 

ffi 

CN 

!> 

CO 

ft 

10 

N 

lO 

00 

rH 

CO 

O 

rH 

l>. 

33 

3 

rH 

co 

rH 

rH 

CO 

03    Q    03 

co 

03  _£S    03 
03          03 

3 

P-H 

00 

rH 

r— 1 

•*    CM 

■tfl 

H 

CO    CM 

rH 

00 

CM 

It" 

co 

CO 

rt 

co 

1-1 

rH 

rH 

No.  of  ' 
accordi 
Crown 

■      S 

°    O 

0 

rH 

rH 

CO    CO 

rH 

CO 

»o 

CN 

rH 

co 

rH 

— 

33    CN 

H 

g 

00 

co 

a>  03 

CN 

rH 

CO 

rH     rH 

CO 

IO 

co 

CM 

X  t>. 

0 

rH 

F-H 

rH 

IO 

CM 

CO 

rH 

Q 

co  « 

Ph 

fa 

ci 

.      03 

a  5 

co  <s 

W   CO 

6 

03 

!h 

ft 

CO 

1     d 

W    CO 

*> 

tn    fa    .2 

it 

d 

Eh  h 

** 

Ph    Q 

fa 

03 
0)    03 
.13    «« 

co<3 

►H 

l—l 
r— 1 

l-H 
rH 

H 

1— I 

rH 

1— 1 

h-t 

l-H 
rH 

01 

co 

CO 

t^ 

h. 

-* 

O 

-< 

CO 

CO 

IO 

co 

•<*l 

■«tl 

H    °3 

t^ 

O 

CO 

t^ 

00 

co 

co 

00 

00 

rf 

C3 

CD 

1— 1 

rH 

"tf 

rH 

CN 

rH 

IJ 

.3 
0 
3 

rC 
O 

3 

-0 

43 

3 

03 
0, 
O 

03 
ft 

_o 

03 
ft 

15!  *J 

03 

03 

03 

O 

CO  oS 

m 

« 

pq 

CO 

co 

53 

>> 

4-> 

•«-> 

+j 

a 

C 

3 

"3 

03 

fe 

03 

>. 

03      >> 

03 

03 

03 

0 

+J 

O 

+j 

y   *j 

+J 

4J 

HJ 

O 

0 

03 

s 

O 

03 

03 

O 

03  irs 

<u  O 

03 
0 

03 

S 

03 

s 

M 

fa 

0 

O 

0 

< 

< 

< 

So 

.H 

CM 

CO 

Tt< 

tO 

O 

Cu 

* 

BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


453 


10 


10 

ON 


©  iO 

rf  © 

ON  © 

©  — 


© 

ON 

ON 


CO 
i— i 

•o 


o  © 

X  © 

©  CO 
ON 


**  co 
on  i>- 


o 


a 

02 


01 

a 
02 


o 
10 

ON 


t^ 

-* 


—i    © 
CO    ON 

CO 


© 


ON 


oc 

IO 

CO 

ON 

©  ■*<  on 

,_| 

©     -" 

n  n  is  o 

i— t 

ON 

o~ 

o 

ON 

CO 

©    CO    00 

00 

CO    t}< 

CO    CO    tJ<    ON 

i-h 

CO 

o 

© 

i-H 

OO 

©    -h    ON 

1-H 

O    CO 

i-H 

CO 

ON 

■* 

— 

N 

^H 

CO 
CO 


IO 


© 

iO 


I--.  •<* 

CO         ■<* 

H  00 


CM    CO  -* 

■*r  *-*        co 

^h    i-i  ON 


CO    -* 

~r  o 


ON     00 
©    t- 

00     ^H 


■**  oo 
•o  N 

OS    CO 


h-  —I 

©  ^ 
© 
DO 


■  O    CM 

O    00 

o 

ON 


lO 
CO 
ON 

co 

iO 


oo  -h  co 

N  -*  ON 

(N  CO  CO 

O  IN  O 


CO    lO    -H    IN 

©  co  >o  oi 

ft   N    H    11} 


00    © 
iO    00 


10  ©  © 

co  a  o 

O  ©  ON 

co  >o 


-h  ©  © 

h  m  co 

o  co  O) 

CO  Tt<  i-l 


00 
00 


CO 


o         id  -* 

CO  H    ^h 


co  io 
ns  -* 
ON 


©    (N 

00 


co 

CO 

at 

CO 

IO 

OS 

00 

o 

o 

^H 

t^ 

_l 

00 

-M 

ON 

_! 

rtl 

rf< 

10 

1—1 

«-H 

CO 

— « 

>o 

00 

IN 

1-H 

© 

iq 

— H 

—i 

© 

CO 

«* 

ON 

,H 

t^ 

CO 

CO 

I-H 

<N 

O 


IO 
<N 


© 


oo         io 

00  CO 

1-H  ON 


ON    «* 
CO    ON 


CO    CO 

co  •* 

CO    i-l 


©  -h 

CD    CO 
CO 


IO 


1-^ 

co 


N 

© 
1> 


-*    IO   >o 
00    S    (M 

©  co  © 


o  oo  ffl  co 

CO    CO    (N    O 


ON    O 

co  ^" 

^h    ON 


CO  00    00 

oo  r^  co 

©  I> 

ON 


CO      Tf 

co  © 


-*    iO 
CO    iO 


(^  ©  co 
co  rf<  co 


©  ©  ©  Tf 

l>-    -h    ©    ON 


"* 
t^ 


iO 

00 


CO    X    l^ 
ON  CO 


IO    IO  CO 


co  io 

CO    iO 


CO     ■*+! 
Tj<       © 


©    ON    CO 
©    00    ON 


©    N 


•-    is 


«  § 


a 

02 


tf   02 


a^ 


>•  fe 


r  '      CO 


E«H     (ij      2 


tf  ^  Q 


a 

02 


00 


a 

O 
02 


£         o 

CQ        53 


c3 


©       —I 


0> 


ON 


CO 

a 
_o 

02 


45 

a 

^O 

02 


T}< 


f^    ON 

©    IO 


mcoo 

O)     IO     H 

©    ©    CO 


o 

© 

oo 

oo 

•o 

N 

ON 

TT 

© 

ON 

-*■ 

© 

© 

tN 

>o 

rf 

CO 

iO 

© 

t^ 

co 

IO 

© 

© 

Tj< 

© 

■* 

<# 

t^ 

1— ' 

© 

_l 

rA 

_ 

o 

CO 

r- 

o 

00 

— 

© 

IO 

© 

© 

iO 

© 

1—4 

1—1 

© 

- 

^* 

iO 

© 

© 

t^ 

50 

© 

00 

t^ 

© 

© 

CO 

^ 

© 

© 

•o 

co 

© 

00 

ffl 

CO 

© 

ON 

00 

l^ 

© 

t^ 

ON 

© 

ON 

i— i 

© 

© 

l^ 

00 

05 

© 

00 

00 

0-4 

— * 

ON    CO 

co 

00 

00 

© 

•>* 

© 

r^ 

ON 

-" 

T* 

ON 

0-1 

o 

IO    ** 

^ 

Of) 

t^ 

©    i-i 

t-~ 

t^ 

CO 

i—i 

-*• 

CO 

© 

90 

30 

00 

© 

N 

1— I 

1—1   © 

o 

~v 

Tj< 

rt 

"H 

^H 

1—1 

1—1 

— i 

-H 

1— 1 

1—1 

—1 

i—l 

-^ 

■^ 

_, 

_ ( 

1^ 

1^ 

© 

rc 

oo  © 

ON 

t^ 

r^ 

o 

ON 

-+- 

© 

t^ 

— < 

© 

>o 

ON 

00 

ON 

© 

iO    — c 

«o 

00 

ON 

1— 1 

ON 

1— 1 

ON 

,H 

00 

CO 

■* 

ON 

co 

© 

iO 

i—l 

«-i 

_H 

co  oo 

© 

_< 

T-* 

— 

© 

© 

tN 

!_| 

i^ 

>o 

IO 

h^ 

rH 

IO 

© 

ON    O 

T}< 

■^ 

■^ 

-*■ 

ON 

© 

30 

t^ 

"-• 

N 

IQ 

© 

© 

© 

00 

*l 

f 

00 

C 

_, 

*l 

IO 

N 

© 

ON 

1—1 

i—1 

I—1 

I-1 

^^ 

IO 

rH 

_ 

00 

00 

© 

iO 

r 

t^ 

N 

-* 

00 

t^ 

r^ 

co 

00 

t^ 

© 

© 

CO 

iO 

Tjl 

1-1 

t^ 

00 

»o 

© 

o 

CO 

0M 

© 

© 

■^ 

© 

iO 

co 

^H 

i-H 

1— ( 

-^ 

«o 

© 

1— I 

© 

iH 

1— ( 

i— ( 

N 

^H 

O    ON    CO 
00    ON    OO 


©     -H 


© 


iO            i-i 

■a 

oo 

© 
CO 

■H 

1* 

ON 

iO          ■*    CO 

1-^ 

ON 

ON 

ON 

CO 

Tf< 

CO 

■*     rH                CO 

1— 1 

CO 
CO 

ON    O 

co 

i—* 
N 

00 
N 

t^ 

-■ 

CO 

ON            CO    -* 

i— i 

iO    i—l 

© 

X 

ON 

CO 
N 

iO 
ON 

^1 

O 
CO 

iO 

X 

ON    ON            CO 

X 

iO 

©     i-H 

Ttl     i-H 

ON    CO 

iO 

i-H     IO 

ON    i-H 
(N 

X 

ON 

DO 

© 

©    M<    ON    *# 

ON 

co 

N 

t-~  © 

ON 

i—l 

©    CO    <N 

i-H 

t-H 

1—1 

I-H 

M 

I-H 
I-H 
I-H 

I-H 

I-H 

I-H 
I-H 

I-H 

I-H 
I-H 

I-H 

l-H 
t— I 
l-H 

l-H 
l-H 

^^ 

,_, 

X 

iO 

X 

i* 

ON 

O 

© 

t 

CO 

ON 

IO 

^ 

CO 

IO 

IO 

IO 

© 

© 

© 

t^ 

X 

i-H 

© 

© 

iO 

iO 

l-» 

X 

l-H 

© 

© 

i— i 

© 

CO 

CO 

ON 

o 

l> 

i—l 

ij< 

IN 

IN 

CO 

a 


02 


cS 
o 

Si 

< 

VO 


454 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


*t3 
3 

e 

o 
O 


CO 
E-> 
O 
hh 
PL| 

w 
S 

0. 

< 
m 

PQ 
<d 

Q 
o 

l-H 

CO 


C5 

m 


a 

3 

CO          rH 

CN    CN 

co 

CN    OS 

CO    00 

00 

OS     rH 

00 

r* 

r-          rH 

0  os 

CN 

■*    O 

t^    CO 

TH 

os  r>- 

rH 

l> 

CN 

OS    CN 

CN 

IO     r-l 

■* 

00 

rt< 

CO 

+J 

co 

i-H 

CN 

^H 

iO 

CN 

-*J 

00 

i-H 

i-H     C5 

■*     •* 

CO     Tf< 

IO    OS 

00 

■*  os 

t^ 

IO 

CO    CO 

IO 

kO    00 

CO 

0> 

c 

OS 

CO 

CO     rH 

CN    t^ 

CO    ■* 

00     ~H 

l-H 

t^     OS 

CN 

l-H 

CO     T-H 

0 

f~  as 

CO 

cS 

3 

CD 

)— 1 

CO 

CO 

CO    CO 

iO    -dH 

10 

0  10 

l-H 

(N    ■* 

i-H 

rH 

O    rH 

l-H 

rH    CN 

"3 

<N 

-* 

l-H 

co 

i-H 

"* 

CO 

os 

CN 

r>. 

<  e 

°  o 

t>- 

CO 

10  10 

t^    00 

i-H 

O    CN 

"* 

O     Tf 

CS 

00  0 

CN 

O 

t* 

1> 

10 

00    00 

0  co 

os 

00    O 

■<* 

CO    CO 

O 

t^    CO 

l-H 

CO 

rH 

3 

c3 

O 

OS 

CO    CN 

•*    CN 

10 

00    CO 

»o 

^H     O 

T-H 

tH    CO 

rH 

OS 

CO 

£ 

O 

CO 

CN    i-H 

■>* 

i-H 

CO    i-H 

Tj<      l-H 

co 

IO 

CO 

T-H 

o 
u 

D 

« 

a 

f^ 

(N     l-H 

CO    CN 

^H     Tf 

OS    CO 

OS     i-H 

i-H 

t^     CO 

>o 

CO    O 

rH    CN 

t^ 

CO    CN 

0 

O    >0 

CN    *0 

t^    00 

O     CO 

CO    CO 

i-H 

■HK      ^H 

t^ 

t-h    CN 

l-H     CO 

os 

00    (N 

o 

■fa 

bl 

0 

o 

10 

O     -H 

O    00 

t^  10 

iO   »o 

00  co 

i-H 

CO     CN 

Cj 

i-H    CN 

OS    CN 

0 

t^    (^ 

P 

rH 

CO    i-H 

CN    CO 

i-H     CO 

CN 

CO  >o 

l-H 

CO    CN 

CN 

OS     T-H 

CO    1> 

CN 

CN    »0 

a 

3 
CO 

00            OS 

CN    CO 

Tt< 

CM 

CN      T* 

CO 

CO    f^ 

CN 

00    CN 

rH 

CN    rH 

t^ 

lO    t>. 

t^ 

l-H 

i-H    CN 

l-H 

00     i-H 

O 

H     l-H 

CO 

CN    t-h 

-9 
o 

o 
53 

-u 

CN 

co 

IO 

CN 

O 

i-H 

IO 

CO 

rH 

.43 

O 

■* 

OS     t* 

00  ^ 

H     OS 

00    OS 

CO 

00  os 

l-H 

l-H 

os  co 

00 

CO    00 

CD 

c 

CN 

OS 

IO     T-H 

iO    OS 

IO 

co  t> 

t>. 

OS   t^ 

CN 

IO 

0  t> 

00 

CO    rH 

03 

a 

CD 

l-H 

l-H 

CO     l-H 

l> 

CN 

10 

l-H 

CO 

0 

10 

CO 

fa 
O 

T-H 

i-H 

u-o 

00 

CO 

CN    CO 

co  os 

CO 

CO    00 

CN 

T-H       T-H 

r>. 

CO    CO 

00 

rH 

CO 

0 

CO 

<-H     O 

O  co 

»o 

■*      Tfl 

os 

O     CO 

i-H 

l-H     IO 

CO 

O 

l-H 

3 

lo 

»o 

l-H 

rH    CN 

i> 

CN 

CO    (N 

t^     TH 

0 

00 

CO 

CN 

3 

H 

O 

D 

S 

0 

b-     t- 

CN    O 

CN    «0 

O    >0 

<*  l^ 

00 

•*    CN 

O 

OS    CN 

CN    »0 

CO 

CN    CO 

CM 

OS    b- 

IO     i-H 

OS    CN 

os  00 

0  os 

CO 

b-    iO 

i-H 

CO    OS 

CN    O 

iO 

co  os 

0 

CN 

TfH      I-H 

CO    i-H 

CN    O 

CO 

i-H     t>. 

l-H 

*o  co 

CO 

CO     t-H 

l-H       T-H 

CO 

rH    00 

Q 

CN 

l-H 

i-H 

i-H 

1— 1 

T-H     i-H 

a 

CO 

b-     l-H 

O 

0 

00  0 

r-~ 

iO    CN 

i-H 

— 1    CN 

CO 

os  os 

10 

rH    00 

CO 

00 

l>    OS 

t> 

l>    00 

0 

t>  os 

IO 

t>.   co 

"Si  O   <° 

CO 

i-H 

-4J 

00 

CO 

0  >o 

10  co 

os 

IO    CO 

CO 

00    00 

OS 

CO 

10  10 

CO 

IO     t-H 

age  Hei 
ording  t 
iwn  Cla: 

c 

OS 

CO 

00    OS 

os  0 

i-H 

os  os 

O 

O     OS 

0 

0 

0  0 

00 

0  0 

M 

i-H 

l-H 

i-H 

i-H 

i-H 

T-H 

i-H     i-H 

T-H      T-H 

A  a 

O-o 

00 

r^ 

iO    00 

CN    i-H 

CO 

00  10 

O 

os   os 

TH 

rH    tH 

CO 

r« 

»o 

CN 

GO 

OS    O 

O     i-H 

i-H 

0  —1 

CN 

l-H     O 

0 

i-H    tH 

l-H 

O 

CN 

li  o  o 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H     T-H 

l-H 

rH    t-H 

l-H 

T-H     i-H 

T-H 

i-H    i-H 

l-H 

i-H 

T-H 

CD    C_^ 

«! 

a 

O 

CO    O 

«*  0 

t>    CO 

0 

T-H     OS 

O 

os  os 

os 

1>    <N 

>o  CO 

CO 

O     OS 

0 

■* 

O    rH 

O    CN 

OS   CN 

co 

i-H    <N 

co 

i-H    CN 

co 

t-H     IO 

CN    CO 

O 

rH    CO 

P 

00             OS 

CO   t^ 

t^ 

0 

OS     l-H 

co 

OS    00 

0 

i-H     IO 

O 

IO    rH 

a 

3 

CO 

IC             rH 

l>    CO 

CN 

"# 

OS    t> 

10 

IO    IO 

0 

l>    CO 

rjH 

l>    t-H 

CO 

CO    CN 

CO 

t>I 

0 

OS 

os 

CO 

O    m 

i-H 

i-H 

T-H 

l-H 

<N 

T-H 

tH 

CM 

Tjl 

CO    CN 

TjH     i-H 

0  os 

CO    00 

tH 

tH      i-H 

10 

00 

T-H      O 

00 

t^    CO 

cS^S  co 

-*-> 

"* 

00 

co  co 

OS     CO 

CO    rt* 

00    CN 

r~ 

CN    CO 

10 

O 

IO   0 

00 

1>    CO 

01         03 

3 

l-H 

,1  Ar 
ding 
nCl 

CO 

CO 

CO    CO 

Tt<     CN 

CO    CO 

CO    CN 

Tt* 

O    CN 

0 

CO    CN 

CN 

T-H    t— 1 

i-H 

CN 

i-H 

CN 

CO 

rH 

t-H 

4| 

t^ 

co 

CO     ^H 

co  i> 

O 

O    l> 

CN 

CN    CO 

rH 

0  co 

00 

co 

co 

Basa 
accor 
Crow 

CO 

CO 

l-H     CO 

CN    O 

os 

CO   -# 

co 

0  co 

rH 

OS    CN 

CO 

OS 

CO 

6-°, 

l-H 

10 

CO   10 

(N    i-H 

CO 

00    CO 

CN 

os  ■* 

t^     tH 

CO 

os 

10 

1— 1 

i-H 

CN 

i-H 

i-H 

CN 

CN 

l-H 

CO 

os  co 

1-1  1^ 

O    CO 

OS     i-H 

00  r~ 

t> 

IO     O 

os 

CO  >o 

CO     i-H 

t- 

co  0 

a 

10 

CO    OS 

OS     i-H 

T«     CN 

CO   ■* 

0  os 

l-H 

IO     00 

rH 

CO    OS 

OS    CO 

»* 

os  1^ 

0 

OS 

rH   CO 

0   00 

OS    CO 

OS    <N 

CN    OS 

Tt< 

iO    00 

t^ 

O    CO 

CO    CO 

O 

OS   0 

p. 

rH 

i-H 

i-H     CN 

CN 

CO     tH 

l-H 

rH 

CN    CN 

l-H 

CN 

a 
3 
co 

b-           CM 

■-I    00 

CO 

CN 

OS    CN 

CO 

CO    CN 

O 

OS    i-H 

CO 

CO     i-H 

co   o   <*> 

l-H 

CO 

l^ 

CO 

CN 

rH 

IO 

os 

0)  .S   CO 
CD         c<3 

l> 

O 

00    l> 

os  •* 

rt<    i-H 

t^    IO 

l> 

IO     Tt< 

i-H 

00 

iO    CO 

0 

CO   CN 

'i   Mr? 

l-H 

i-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

T-H 

CN 

CO 

CN 

<«'-3  a 
°c3  * 

i  a 

CN 

CO 

<N    l> 

O     i-H 

iO 

OS    CO 

CN 

0  to 

i-H 

t*I      l-H 

CN 

CO 

rH 

T-H 

l-H 

l-H 

T-H 

i-H 

l-H 

og2 

£  So 

s 

rH 

00    CN 

IO   0 

CO    CN 

CO    i-H 

CO    OS 

CN 

t>-    rH 

co 

CO    <N 

CN    O 

CO 

rH    OS 

0 

CN 

i-H 

l-H 

i-H 

i-H 

l-H     l-H 

P 

02  « 

fa 

ijfa.2 
tf  P  § 

«  p 

>  fa  fa    w 

^  ■    •  1^    — 

Ph  P  ^  S 

Ph   P 

fa 

«  p 

fa 

Dh  P 

** 

Ph   P 

^  fa  ^ 

Ph    P    fc 

CO 
CD    CO 

l-H 
l-H 

1— 1 

l-H 
l-H 

hH 
l-H 

l-H 
l-H 

1— 1 

l-H 

l-H 

I— 1 

l-H 

0) 

M 

O 

1 — 1 

O 

0 

t^ 

l> 

CO 

O 

<3 

IO 

IO 

IO 

IO 

T*< 

rH 

TfH 

IO 

-H 

00 

CO 

CO 

Os 

CN 

i-H 

OS 

CO 

CN 

O 

0 

CN 

rH 

O 

0 

CN 

(N 

CO 

CO 

CN 

CO 

CO 

CN 

<< 

CD 

a 

jo 

CD 
W) 

CD 

to 
-3 

CD 

a 
jo 

CD 

s 

CD 
3 

CD 

a 
0 

CD 

a 
0 

co  a 

CO 

S 

5 

co 

CO 

CO 

co 

co 

h 

i-c 

h 

u 

kl 

s- 

In 

CD 

CD 

CD 

CD 

CD 

CD    Jd 

CD 

>> 

-l-i 

+j 

•*> 

+J 

-|J 

H->        4J 

-*> 

-u 

f3  M 

F3   M 

f.       CD 

g    M 

?      CD 

CS      CD 

M 

O 

o 

h-) 

05 

•f-     0 

rJ    cd 

-s    cd 

&    X 

CD 

CJ 

•a  2 

co   r^ 

CD    O 

co  r*i 

CD    O 

J3     V 

CD    U 

-      CD 
CD    O 

-3      CD 

co     >-< 

co 

CD 

-3 

CO 
CD 

CD 

tH 

O 

u 

U 

E 

Ih 

l_ 

M 

h 

(h 

«5j 

fa 

fa 

fa 

fa 

fa 

fa 

fa 

o\o 

CO 

t>- 

00 

OS 

O 

^ 

CN 

co 

£ 

K 

T-H 

I-H 

r-< 

l-H 

CN 

CN 

CN 

CN 

Bulletin  361]     yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood 


455 


Tft 

IN 

OS 

C5 

■«* 

t^ 

CO 

■^ 

»* 

CO 

-+< 

»o 

re 

CO 

**« 

(X 

o 

rf< 

rH 

t^ 

CO 

1* 

co 

t^ 

r- 

CS 

CO 

1—1 

(■» 

1— 1 

IO 

CM 

os 

■* 

CO 

■* 

co 

00 

^H 

1— I 

CM 

CO 

CM 

1—1 

1— I 

1— 1 

■HH 

IO 

o 

N 

•<* 

CO 

co 

CO 

■* 

CO 

CS 

CN 

CS 

(N 

■^ 

CO 

00 

r^ 

e> 

Tt* 

~ 

■>* 

iO 

ns 

N 

CO 

IO 

•o 

I-~ 

CO 

io 

00 

CS 

i-H 

00 

<N 

iO 

Cl 

(N 

00 

an 

•<*< 

CO 

OB 

1-H 

Tf 

l^ 

1—1 

1—1 

OS 

co 

CO 

o 

^H 

CN 

co 

CO 

CM 

CM 

CO 

CO 

1—1 

CO 

CO 

t^ 

t^ 

— 

o 

CM 

co 

co 

cs 

HH 

cs 

t^ 

CO 

(^ 

CD 

T+l 

>o 

~1 

OO 

o 

r^ 

CM 

CO 

o 

o 

O 

t-- 

CM 

00 

o 

co 

"# 

Tt< 

ro 

CO 

1^ 

CO 

CO 

rH 

o 

— 

CO 

0B 

CM 

CM 

CM 

co 

t^ 

io 

1—1 

CO 

T* 

CO 

N 

1—1 

IN 

>o 

■* 

T* 

CO 

— i 

(N 

-H 

•o 

CO 

i-H 

l^ 

<N 

1— I 

1—1 

r^ 

N 

CI 

co 

on 

CO 

-* 

co 

— 

r» 

-* 

CM 

l^ 

■* 

00 

<# 

~H 

CS 

r^ 

cs 

t> 

•-C 

r^ 

co 

(N 

CO 

oo 

m 

00 

•* 

— 

Iffl 

b- 

CM 

OS 

co 

rH 

1—1 

CD 

CS 

oo 

CO 

r^ 

•r+l 

CO 

cs 

1—1 

to 

CB 

i—i 

00 

CD 

»o 

r^ 

t~ 

t~ 

IO 

— 

rH 

CD 

CD 

c-. 

co 

00 

t^ 

CO 

o 

re 

00 

CN 

00 

CS 

<N 

IO 

IQ 

00 

t^ 

O 

CO 

00 

■* 

I— 1 

rH 

cs. 

1— 1 
1— 1 

00 

1— I 

CM 

1— 1 

CO 

1—1 

IO 

■* 

CO 

CO 

L-: 

CN 

© 

m 

CO 

IO 

ra 

CM 

00 

CM 

IO 

CM 

00 

t^ 

CD 

cs 

o 

■** 

-* 

iO 

CO 

o 

iO 

lH 

I— 1 

CO 

CO 

CO 

i-H 

1—1 

CS 

t^ 

»o 

tN 

CM 

1— 1 

ro 

tN 

1— I 

00 

1—1 

iO 

CO 

1— 1 

CO 

1—1 

CO 

^ 

i-H 

00 

rn 

t^ 

00 

i 

— 

•^ 

o 

00 

1^ 

1—1 

CO 

CO 

CS 

co 

o 

CN 

os 

o 

i^ 

o 

CD 

CO 

IN 

1> 

co 

CO 

— 

CM 

oo 

00 

1— ( 

CM 

CO 

•o 

00 

CD 

o 

o 

r-i 

i— i 

t^ 

CO 

co 

-H 

TJH 

1—1 

CO 

IO 

1—1 

IO 

(N 

1—1 

1-1 

iO 

CO 

■»* 

o 

•* 

CO 

co 

>* 

^ 

CO 

cs 

1—1 

CD 

r^ 

CS 

1—1 

>o 

cs 

o 

ro 

1—1 

i—( 

o 

1—1 

•rj< 

r^ 

— 

co 

00 

CO 

CO 

cs 

CO 

i—i 

CM 

CO 

<N 

co 

t^ 

1—1 

ca 

cs 

00 

IO 

CO 

CO 

CM 

1— 1 

00 

o 

rH 

CM 

1— 1 

1— ( 

■* 

i-H 

<N 

"oo 

oo 

— 

© 

cs 

CO 

ran 

iO 

co 

1— ( 

CO 

r^ 

tH 

IN 

i—i 

<N 

re 

o 

o 

80 

CS 

00 

s. 

OS 

t^ 

co 

CO 

Wl 

■>* 

cs 

Tt< 

N 

^ 

OS 

1—1 

30 

cs 

oo 

Tt< 

i—i 

io 

1-0 

00 

t^ 

10 

<N 

iO 

X 

O 

(N 

■«** 

CO 

o 

tN 

t^ 

CM 

~5 

re 

t^ 

■* 

CI 

•* 

cs 

rH 

io 

CM 

00 

i- 

CO 

o 

r- 

i—l 

i-H 

CO 

I— 1 

rH 

i—i 

1— ( 

i-H 

I-H 

io 

n 

,_, 

t-*. 

|- 

•o 

co 

•H< 

CO 

IO 

CO 

IN 

T* 

»o 

o 

T* 

CN 

«* 

CD 

co 

CO 

o 

I— 1 

•o 

X 

t>. 

00 

CO 

00 

id 

IO 

>o 

00 

IO 

IO 

00 

l> 

C6 

IO 

t^ 

,_, 

n 

,__, 

i-H 

co 

r 

oo 

co 

co 

00 

cs 

cs 

IN 

•* 

co 

CI 

■* 

r^ 

cs 

cs 

os 

co 

OS 

o 

1—1 

00 

o 

X 

CO 

OS 

00 

os 

00 

t^ 

CS 

f~ 

t^ 

o 

OS 

cs 

t^ 

at 

CO 

t^ 

t» 

— 

•* 

i— I 

o 

o 

CO 

00 

o 

CO 

00 

CO 

o 

1— 1 

CI 

o 

00 

Cl 

o 

CO 

o 

P0 

CM 

OS 

i—* 

OS 

o 

o 

o 

OS 

o 

OS 

00 

i-H 

cs 

o 

i-H 

o 

r-l 

00 

00 

I— 1 

i— i 

i—i 

i-H 

i-H 

1—) 

1— 1 

i-H 

1—1 

1— 1 

1— 1 

I-H 

-H 

N    S    h           O   O    M  CNO0           CSOO-*  CO           COi-i           (NOSCN            COCSO            i-h(Nt}<0  ^h-h 

CN-'fCO           OSCNCO  H    N            OINi-H  CS            ^h-h            CS^HCN            O    »-<    CN            i-HCN^CO  CSOS 

t>.  »o  ^        co  r-  co  t-        o        co^  rlo        cn"              t^        o        o  o  ■*        co  >o  co  >o 

t^CO^CDCN  h    N               i           tJH  CN            <N                   I"~CNtNCSJ>'-i©  COCO 

tjJ                          |>  CSCO  IO0000                           t^                           lOi-H  IO 

CO ^ ^ ^ ^j Jj 

oo  io  cs        o  oo  io  i-h  t^  h-        •<*<        »o^  F»        co              cs                   cscs'O        i*  in  io  t^co 

O^h^h           C5IOCO00  I^CN            i-i           CO  IO            iO                   OO                           H    O    (J           TJ<COIO  COCN 

OCOCNiO-^  "-i                  00  ^CD                  CS                         t^>-lcNiO  CNi-l 

CM                           i—*  *~~*                   1— '  1— '                                                                                 1— ' 

(M    00    CO            iO    <N            tt  lO^                   CS           — <  00           C5-*            1-1            rf<            N    O    O           O0CN  -*CO 

CO    CN    CO           H    00           tN  O                   IO           t^  O           O    ^            ■*            00           H    ffl    00           O    tO  CNt> 

•*'t^OOOSCO'-iO  O           >-i  ©           CO                  ■*           >-i           ■«*           Tt<           CO   CN  COCN 

iS  tNJ CO »-!  CO ^H         ■ 

O    CO    CD           O    •*    ©  IO    ^            IO    N    "O  OS           CM    CO            ©    O    l>            CO    00    N            ^H    .-I    -^    tJ<  ©    CM 

•^ii-HOO           N    CO    00  ^H-*            00    *    IO  t^           t^O           l^-^^H           'Jl    00    CO            00    ■*    00    H  t^i-H 

S    00    N           ©©00  H    N            H    N    C(  IO           COCM            00    H   N            CD©©           CSCMIOCO  r^CM 

C^CM^h  IO                   ■*  i-iiD                   i-H                           CN    i-i    <-<           CN            <-<                           i-l 


O     ^H 

iO 

1— 1 

7—1 

i—l     i-H 

co 

CM    —I 

© 

00 
iO 

CM 

IN 

00 

o 

iO 

1-4 

© 
© 

IO 

^ 

CO    CM 

>o 

iO    CM 

CO 

©  ■* 

CN 

IO 

O    ©    i-H    CM 
CM 

<N    i-l 

i— I 

00 
1—1 

i-H 

00 

00 
CM 

© 

1—1 

© 

i-H 

co 

© 

©    i-H     i-H 
i—l 

©  © 

CM    © 

t^ 

t^    CO            iH 

i—l 
CM 

00 

1—1 

CM 

© 

©     i-H 

co 

IO 

CM 

i-H 

tN 

IO 

■tf    CM 

CO    iO 

©    CM 

i—l     i-H 

© 

1— 1 

CO   t    IO 

00     1-4 

1—1 

© 

1— 1 

CO 

CM 

o 

1—1 

IO    CO 
CO 

co 

i-H 

i-H    rjt 

T-l 
1—1 

i-H 
i—l 

l/>    H    if     H 
i—l 

TtfC        1-1 

Ch    Q    ^ 


^  fe  W  #g 


rt  P  E5 


«  P 


^  fa  fa. 

«  P  ^ 


^  fa ,pEi 

rt  P  ^ 


as 

a 
_o 

55 


OS 

a 

o 

55 


CD 
& 

»— I 

02 


03 

co 


as 

a 

^O 

53 


as 
Ch 


as 
a 

^O 

55 


as 

a 
o 

55 


as 

a 
55 


fe  fa 
P3  P 


I—l 

r- 1 

I-H 

rH 

>-4 

r- 1 

I-H 

(-H 

1— 1 

t-H 

r—t 

1— 1 

M 

I—i 

r- 1 

r—( 

1— 1 

t-i 

1— 1 

© 

IO 

iO 

iO 

© 

© 

"<* 

■* 

© 

CM 

IO 

Tf 

iO 

iO 

rfi 

■* 

■* 

>* 

■* 

co 

oo 

CM 

co 

CO 

co 

© 

iO 

CM 

IO 

© 

© 

CO 

© 

o 

t^ 

© 

00 

T»l 

© 

CO 

CM 

CM 

CM 

rH 

CM 

rH 

CM 

CM 

1-4 

as 
a 
o 

CO 


u 

as 


as 


to 


?   -M 

-M 

+3 

M 

-r-                    I-' 

>    as    ? 

M 

<A 

I* 

M 

S  x 

03 

r« 

?      0) 

s    as 

^    as 

as 

& 

as 

as 

as 

?    as 

as 

as  O 

rC,      as 
OS     •- 

as  O 

rC 

DO 

as 

as 

ii 

O 

rO 

03 

as 

as 

ii 

u 

"5  2-° 

as  Q    as 

as 

H 

o 

os 

as 

OS 

u 

O 

OS     ,*? 

as  O 

rC 

CO 

as 

as 
O 

OS    Jt 

as  O 

u  ^^ 

!-, 

■-, 

t* 

>-i          ii 

lui 

S-. 

u 

u 

£ 

Eh 

fa 

Ch 

Cm           Ch 

Ch 

Ch 

Cm 

Ch 

•<f 

iO 

© 

t^ 

00         cs 

O 

_, 

CM 

CO 

CM 

CM 

CM 

CM 

CM           CM 

co 

CO 

CO 

CO 

456 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


a 

3 
CO 


6-§ 


s 

o 

Q 


a 

3 

a} 


5 
a 

P 


CO 


00 


CO 
IO 


IO    00 
t»    lO 

CO 


00 

tN. 

CO 


l> 


CO 
GO 


CO 


O  © 
©  CO 
00    —i 


N  N  CO 

rH  rH  O 

CO  CO  -H 

co  rH 


oo 

00 
CO 


CO    GO    GO 
00    iC    t» 

o  ■<*  rH 


tN  CO 

CD  CO 

©  CO 

co 


in. 

co 

CO 


o 
tN. 

© 


00  © 

CO  CO 

CO  © 


o  In. 

tN.  CO 

CO  Tt< 
CO 


>o  CO  •* 

iO  ©  -h 

CO  -h  H< 

CO  © 


00 
00 
CO 
CO 


O  00  © 

©  ■<$<  IN 

©  CO  CO 

t>.  rH 


tN  ©  >0 

CO  CO  © 

lO  ©  © 

iO  tN 


In.    t>.    00 

«*  o  © 

00    ©    © 


<N    tN    © 

OS    CO    rH 

GO    tN    tN 

tN 


©    ■* 
O 


00 

© 


CO 


rH    lO    tN    tN 

CO  CO 


©    ©    O 
©    rH    CO 


fN. 

© 


© 


© 

co 


©  tJ«  CO 
■rf  CO  CO 
lO 


© 
© 


t^  o 

.-h    CD 


tN.    tN    "5 

CO 


SON 

H     H     !D 

tN 


^    ffl    CO 
CO    — i    © 


tN    CO 

O    CO 
tN 


CO     Tt<     © 
«*     — I     rH 

•O    tN 


© 
CO 
CO 


iC  ©  o 

©    00    CO 

© 


IO 


© 


©        © 
CO         o 

tN  »-H 


© 
© 


© 


CO    ■* 
lO    00 


lO    © 


>o  © 

00    © 


co 
© 


co  «*  o 

O    tN    tJ< 
tN    tN 


CO    00    00 
CO    CO    "<# 

a>  ■*  ^ 


©   ©   00 

^H     IC    o 
00      ^H     r-l 


©  co  © 
«s  ■*  © 

rH  CO 


© 
tN 


• 

© 

©    CO    tN. 

In. 

t^  t» 

CO 

iH 

-h    CO    CO 

00    CO    «5 

-# 

a 

—■ i 

00    -h    tN 

i—( 

lO     rH 

00 

tN 

©    00    tN 

Tf    O    00 

lO 

tN 

00    CO    -h 

r» 

©    CO 

tN. 

tN 

tN           tN 

lO    — I    i— 1 

tN 

tN 

r-i 

i— I 

© 

CO 

© 


t^ 

00 


CO 
CO 


© 


tN. 

I— I 
tN 


In. 

© 

00 


CO 

© 


CO 

H 

O 

- 

Cm 

- 
Oh 

•< 
GO 

A 

< 

<; 
Q 

I— ( 

/. 

«! 


w 

►H 

A 

H 


03   O  ? 


So 


- 

3 
CO 


£ 
o 

P 


tN 


t»    X 
©    In. 


© 


O    tN 
tN.    t^ 


iO   ©    ■<* 
•*    iC    © 


1— i    *—*    tN. 

©      ©      »N. 


o 


© 
© 


3 
i— i 

00 
U0 

©    ■*    tN 
©    ©    00 

tN 

© 

co  o 

00    © 

i-H     tN     © 
t»    CO    00 

CO    "*    CO 
00    00    00 

N    ifl    N 
©    00    t^ 

"* 

■<** 

t^  i-< 

©    00 

CO    rH    CO 
OHM 
i— (    i—i 

00 
t- 

CO    © 

©  © 

©                Tf< 

00            © 

i-H 

CO         o 

©       © 

rH 

©           CO 
©           00 

tN 

© 

N*       CO 

tN.    GO 


rH    O    O 

O    tN    —I 


CO 
00 


©    t}« 

©    © 


rH    CO    CO 
O    C>    ~* 


CO     lO     rH 

©    ©    IN 


iO    ©    ■* 

GO    ©    © 


O 
00 


H     °     S 

CD        cS 

-Sjfo 

■  -  -  - 
mo* 
03  u  O 


a 

3 
CO 


n5 


g 

o 

- 


CO 
00 


iO    "* 

CO     rH 


iO 


© 
© 


© 


^  co 
oo  >o 


tN 


O)      O      H     Tjl 

■*    tN    CO    rH 


In.    CO    00 

tN.     -HH     CO 


00 


CO 

© 


»o 


iO    GO    © 
1-H    00    In. 


tN.     r-t 


tN. 

© 


O 


H      N      Tf 

©    00    "0 


CO     'O     i-H 
<f     lO     H 


©    "0    © 

©     lO     rH 


Tf      i-H 


CO 


»o 


CO 


CO    CO 
1>    CO 

CO     »-H 

©       N# 

>o  00 
©  »o 

1—t 

iO 

o 
© 

CO 

©    CO 

CO    © 

CO    CO 
CO 

t- 

© 

i-H 

19.83 
1.57 

iO    © 

lO     rH 

CO    CO 

rH     CO 

t>- 

© 

00 

o 

^  © 

CO    © 

© 

©    "O    GO 

©       tN.       O 

iO         o 

T}<  i-H 


© 

© 


© 

00 


CO 


"0 


oo  co 


CO     IO     rH 
rH     CO 


CO 
CO 


©  © 

CO 


CO     **     Tj< 

CO     rH 


tN.       O       © 
tN.      O      tN. 


"#    iO    CO 
CO 


tN.    o    00 
00    •<*<    tN- 


iO    i-H    CO 


00 
iO 


©  © 

CO    ^ 


m 


© 

CO 


CO 

© 


CO 


CO  O  03 

a>  s3 

*— '  ~0  3 

O  u  > 

.  o  > 

6  °  2 

■  w  O  f" 

2  03O 


a 

3 

w 


E 

O 

p 


tN. 


CO 

»o 


©    CO 


CD    CO    tN.    i-H 
CO 


00 


tN.    CO 


OO     CO     rH 


©    lO 
CO 


CO    ©    CO 


■*    lO    CO 


-41     H    H 


©    CO 
CO 


+s 

c 

>-H 

■* 

iC 

■* 

CO 

© 

t> 

cc 

^ 

"* 

■* 

© 

rH 

00 

CO 

rH 

© 

00 

CO 

CO 

CO 

rH 

CO 

rH 

t—( 

iO 

rH 

© 

»o 

1-H 

■* 

© 

co 

rH 

CO 

CO 

© 

© 

iC 

CO 

■* 

1-H 

1-H 

1-H 

rH 

rH 

© 

CO 


as 


rH    Q 


is 


«  P 


&H     .2 


fin    P    ^    S 


>    HH    ^ 

rtP^ 


fe     HH 


tf    P    ^  Ph 


2.2 

co"S 


CD 

a 
o 

CO 


o 

a 
o 

co 


0> 

a 
^o 

co 


0> 

a 
o 


a 
o 

55 


« 
a 
o 

.— • 
co 


a 
55 


i  a 


CO 

V  oo 
*»  03 

co  5 

H- ( 
HH 
HH 

HH 
HH 

HH 

>—l 

>—{ 

>-* 

HH 
HH 

H- 1 

H 

CO 

H< 

00 

© 

Tj< 

© 

^H 

© 

< 

•«*< 

•<* 

CO 

CO 

CO 

co 

CO 

CO 

"   t 

si 

© 

CO 

co 

Tf 

tN. 

CO 

tN. 

tN. 

"0 

CO 

"* 

iO 

© 

^ 

CO 

tN. 

rH 

CO 

1-H 

CO 

CO 

rH 

1-H 

rH 

<^ 

a 
o 

55 


S3 
o 
O 

r-l 


0) 

*s 

-J      4j 

"fi      2 


e 

-H> 

co    *r 

0v    O 


^ 

P3   -i<! 

S3 

M 

o 

-J      o 

<u 

— 

co 

ss 

O 

CO    .*? 

4>    CJ 

co 
0> 

CD 

0 

o 

-H> 
-S    cy 


-      CD 
CD    O 


-    /■ 


iO 
CO 


© 

CO 


In. 

co 


00 
CO 


© 

CO 


o 

T}1 


to 


-3 

5) 

3 
3     O 

«55 


Bulletin  361]     yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood 


457 


tN 


00 
CD 


CO 
tN 

co 


co 

CM 


»D 

o 


00 
lO 


tN 

CO 


00 


<N 
tN 
tN 


■f 


f- 

CO 

n 

1^ 

or 

rH 

** 

o 

rs   -m 

>o 

CS 

OS    CO 

co 

CS 

CS 

CS 

lO 

lO 

r^ 

cs 

CO    l>- 

CS 

CS 

<N    h- 

CN 

■* 

1-H 

00 

tN 

■* 

OS 

co 

i— i 

CS 

•<*< 

N. 

■*     T(< 

CO 

00 

co 

co  r5 

tN 

r^ 

tN 

co  © 

CO 

•»«    -^< 

co 

i-H 

CO 

oo  co 

00 

00 

iO 

t~-      Tt< 

»o 

00 

co 

co 

^<     -H 

tN 

■* 

»o 

o  »o 

»-H 

J>Q 

■H 

CO 

1— 1 

1—1 

ID  CO 

>o  CO 

tW  CO 

co 


■»*    CS    -»f    >0 

^    M    Oh 
■*    N    --    » 


b-  —  lO 

S  00  M 

00  w  co 

tN  tN 


co  oo 
o  -^ 


>o  cs 

^-  co 

ID 


n  oo  o 

tN  CO  — i 

-<  O)  O 
CO 


**    -*    CN 
lO    CS    lO 

CO    — i    •«*< 


Ci  tN  ■<*  CO 

Til  00  O  N 

Oq  -rf  CO  CO 

"*<  CN  CO  CO 


CO 
CO 


co 

o 


CO 

o 
co 


CO     i-H 

tN 


o 

tN 


CO 


co 

ID 


00 


tN 

1~~ 

T* 

— i    — < 

go 

O    CO 

T* 

■*    tN 

.-i    r)< 

OS 

00    ~* 

CS 

t* 

•* 

b-      -H 

CO 

t". 

00 

i-h    i— t 

co 

00 

CO 

,H 

tN 

CO 

rH 

•"' 

>— I 

I— 1 

CO 

00     OS 

CO 

00 

"* 

-r    — 

CO 

00 

tN 

00    CN 

tN 

t» 

lO 

CO 

— « 

00    CO 

CO 

l^ 

f~ 

CO    00 

i-H 

tN 

CO 

tN 

>o 

tN 

l-H 

-h    CO 
00    f^ 

CO 


tN    »D    CS    OS 
O    ^    t^    O 

CO     ^H     i-H     i-H 


o  o  co  ■*  co 

O  O  ID    CO    00 

i-i  co         —I 

tN 


CS    -H 
Ci 


O  Oh 

tN  -hh    tN 

ID  ^h    CO 
tN 


CO    >D    CS 

o  -*  co 
co  co 


h-  oo  **  -h 

(D    O    (3)    S 

co  co  cs  >o 


CO 


>o 


co 

co 


ID 


CO 

>o 


CD 


>o 


•D    iD 


co 

ID 


O 
>D 


o 


tN 

00 


CS 


X    OS 


co 


tN 


~H      f~- 

■*    tN 


tN 

os 


00 


Ci    CO 
b-    tN 


t-    iD 

tN    CO 


CS 
CO 


co 


o 

tN 


ID 


00    tN 

O    -> 


co 


CS 


CD 
Oi 


tN 


■* 
■^ 


00 


o 

co 

CO 

00 

~. 

a 

'N 

00 

co 

o 

-f 

IQ 

CN    O 

co 

CO 

t^ 

t^ 

US 

OS 

co 

t~ 

CO 

c^ 

^^ 

l^ 

O    OS 

i-H 

CO 

o 

o 

T)< 

CO 

00 

>o 

co 

1-H     CO 

CO 

l> 

00 

o> 

t^ 

00 

t^ 

OS 

i-H     ^H 
rH     i-H 

CD 

at 

o 

a 

o  o 

CO 

CO 

~ 

o 

o 

t^ 

X 

co 

Tf« 

r^ 

»— i 

co 

co  oo 

N. 

t~ 

05 

■M 

CO    •* 

o 

1—1 

i-H 

tN 

OS 

o 

^H 

00 

■N 

^H 

i-H 

-r 

CO    tN 

~ 

HH     ^h 

1— 1 

— ■* 

1 — 1 

1— 1 

1—1 

— 

— H 

-H 

i-H 

•—< 

i-H     r-H 

00 

OS 

b» 

C5 

~ 

T»l 

tN 

iO 

1^ 

T(< 

CO 

lO 

■* 

r^ 

co 

t^ 

CO 

00 

CO 

■~ 

■* 

00 

o 

tN 

I-1 

CO 

CO 

tN 

00 

ID 

CO 

t^ 

lO 

■* 

CO 

3 

«o 

tN 

O  H    io 

tN  OS    CO 


CO 
00 


■HH      ^H 


o 
co 


tN 


o 
53 


CO     00 
CO    OS 


so 


©  os  cs 

O    ID    00 


co  os  oo  h  os 

CS    ID    ID    ■*    CD 


i-H     ID 

CD    >D 


!>    00    CO 

t^    CS    00 


N    O    CO 
i-l    CS    t>i 


»D    tN 
tN 


O    CO 
tN 


CO     M     1H     Tf 

CD 


O    tN 

CO 


>D    CO    CS 


-H     00     i-H 


6h  fe 


tf  ^^ 


^^ 


*  ■- 


K  ao  ^ 


£* 


•     ^       2 


O    CS    ID 

m  "5  a 


00    X    CO    CO 
i-H  CN    H 


CO 
CN 

00 

>D 

>D 
CN 

CO 

>.- 

CN 

tN 

CD 

i-H 

CO 

T—{ 

00 

co 

■* 

CO 
tN 

CO 

co 

i-H 

ID 
CN 

i-H 

CN 

CN 

CN 

co 

tN 

- 

CS 

CO     i-H 

1-H 

i-H    CN 

■* 

CO     -H 

o 

1-H 

rf    i-H 

1-H 

00 

CO 

i-H 

i-H 

CO 

CN 

co 

ID 

os 

• 

»D   CN 

CO 

1-H 

t^    ID 
CI 

^H 
1-H 

CI 

CO 

i-H 

o 

CO 

CO 

—J 

tN    tN 

tN 

CO 

CO 
CO 

i-H 

ID 

i— < 

C-l 

1-H 

C) 

00    t"- 

Oh    ^ 


>-H 

>-H 

I-H 

>— 1 

t-H 

l-H 
I-H 

I-H 

l-H 
I-H 

l-H 

^ 

cs 

CO 

o 

CO 

o 

ID 

l^ 

CN 

CN 

r^ 

Tf< 

CO 

T* 

>* 

CO 

00 

CO 

O) 

00 

00 

oo 

CO 

t^. 

co 

1* 

o 

"* 

t^ 

CN 

O 

■* 

o 

1-H 

i-H 

CN 

co 

i-H 

tN 

<0 

a 
^o 

53 


a 
_o 


a 
^o 


o 

G 

05 


hO 
o 
a 

as 
CO 


J3 
u 
0 
a) 


43 
v 

a 

■- 
oq 


■ 


COCO 
Oh  tf 


CN 


CO 


c    o 


c    o 

>D 


S3 

cu 

- 
3 
H 

CD 


03 
-^ 

- 
3 

H 


03 

3 

H 

00 


o3 

o 

|H 

3 

H 


CS 


458 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


3 

co 


oo 
o 
co 


CO 
IN 

CO 


CO 
CO 


«-H  CO  ^f  00 
h  o  IN  U5 
N    r-i   M 


O    CO    CO 

OS    «H    O 

CO    i-l    »-H 


CO 


iO  CO 
O  00 
CO    CM 


00  CD  CO  CD 
-*f  CO  00  CD 
IN    00    CO 


CO 

o 

ID 


00    CD    -h    CO 

os  a  >D  o 

IO   IN   N    H 


ID    O    CO 

o  ■*  O 
t-  Tf  1-H 


CO  IN 

OS  CN 

CO  CO 


°  a 


"*    l>  CO 

CO    Tf  CO 

CO    iO  i-l 


«    O  O    00 

O    N  N    CO 

IO    N  IO    H 
CN 


CO 


oo 

00 


ID    CO 

co  b- 

CO      Tf 


SOS 
O    (N    O 

ID    CO    IN 


IN  O    t)I 

CN  00    CD 

00  CO    CO 


O 

Q 


a 

co 


CO  CD  CO  CN 

00  CO  00  CD 

•O  O  00  t> 

CO  ID 


IO  D  H  i< 

IN  >D  IN  i-i 

CO  00  if  TjH 

i— I  >D  i—l 


ID    ID 
S 


CO    CN    OS    CN 

os  oo  co  oo 

IO     H    IO 


S  S  OS  ID 

OS  CO  i-h  CO 

Tf  Ol  O  N 

H  N  rt  iO 


rf    S 

Tf     i-l 

OS   IN 


IN 

CO 

00 


CO 
CO 

os 

CO 


ID  IN  00 

CO  D  ^ 

N  H  IO 

i*  CO  ■-! 


^H     if 
CO 


IN 

00 


s 


O    00   t(I    H 
S    i— I    ID    i—i 


O    "#    IN 

OS    CO    CO 


CN    CN    CO    OS 
CO    i-l 


O    OS 
ID    CO 


iO   00    N    * 
if    .—i    CD    i— I 


CO 


IN    O    00 

tfli#     H 


(N    OS    >D 
N    NN 


CO  ID    CO 

IN  tX 


a 

00 

OS 

CO 

co 

on 

N 

o 

tP 

00 

1—1 

T* 

if 

CO 

CO 

o 

I-H 

CO 

0 

O 

00 

s 

<N 

00 

CN 

co 

CO 

CN 

1—1 

ID 

S 

00 

ID 

00 

<# 

CO 

OS 

O 

<N 

co 

CN 

1-1 

1—1 

a 

o 
Q 


O    i-h    ■*    00 
O    S    i#    00 

co  s  i— i  i— i 


OS  rf  (N  CO 
CD  OS  <N  00 
CN    00    CN 


00    OS    00    CN    CO 
CO    O    OS    CO    S 

CO     i-H 


M    SO    N 

i*  h  a  N 

CN    CN    CN    S 


IN  ID  O 
^  (O  N 
00    CO    tN 


ID 
i—i 
CO 


IN    CO    ID 

CO    OS    CO 

s  •*  cn 


CD 

Si 

© 


02 
H 
O 

Ph 

w 

H 

w 

< 

Q 
o 

H* 
02 

< 

PQ 


o 

HH 


-H> 

M  5  3 
S3 


co 


cp  '-3  c 

03   O   g 

oj  o  «* 
>  csO 


a 
o 
co 


CO    <N 
CO    S 


CO 


if 


00    CN    IN    i* 

if    OS    OS    00 


o  o 

l>   !> 


O   ©   O   S 

IO    00   00   N 


co 

CO 

00 

DO 

— 1 

O 

s 

o 

-f 

N 

~r 

If 

ID 

-f 

•D 

if 

1—1 

o 

b 
M 

OS 

00 

s 

03 

o 

o 

ID 

Tf 

os 

03 

03 

OS 

00 

GO 

00 

00 

o 

00 

I—I 

1—1 

1—1 

Co- 
dom. 

rf 

CD 

00 

s 

a 

CD 

IN 

CO 

00 

CN 

i— i 

IN 

CO 

<# 

o 

if 

o 

O 

03 

OS 

OS 

t— i 

^H 

i-H 

J> 

CO 

i-H 

>—i 

OS 

CS 

1— I 

o 

»-H 

1— I 

i-H 

—H 

i— 1 

i—l 

i-H 

T— 1 

1— 1 

i-H 

1-1 

i-H 

fl 

CO 

■* 

o 

o 

ID 

oo 

oo 

CN 

os 

■CD 

1—1 

00 

CD 

00 

o 

O 

S 

GO 

i-H 

00 

00 

os 

O 

1-H 

i—< 

N 

r-l 

o 

0) 

"N 

co 

00 

o 

o 

t> 

CN 

CN 

CO 

ID 

o 

CM 

1* 

1— 1 

CN 

CN 

Q 

03 -g    CO 

5    L    > 
o3  o  O 


a 
3 
co 


o   OS 
ID    CN 


IN 


00 
CO 


CO 


s 
s 


ID 


ID    ID    OS    >0 
00    ID    CO    CO 


CD    CN 

ID    CO 


CD 


OS  OS  o  s 
lO    CO    CN    CN 


CO  i-l 


T(l     H    H 


CO 


-H> 

s 

l-H 

00    00 
ID    ID 

ID    ID    CO    if 

(O    M    N    Tf 

CD 
00 

T— 1 

CN    i-l    ^ 
CN    O    CN 

>D 
IO 

if    S    N 
CO    CO    00 

CN 
CO 

CO    O 
CN    CN 

i-H    CN 

i— I    CO    i— I 

S 

CO    i-H    i-l 

^    CN 

Tt< 

i-l 

1  s 

o  5 

00    CO 
CO    ID 

OS 
S 

IO    N    iO    O) 

S     S     rH     Jn. 

00 
CN 

OS 

00    CN 
ID    O 

Tt<    CN    ID 

00    CO    OS 

00 
CO 

ID    Tj< 

00    CN 

CN    00    CN 

os 

i-l    CN 

N     H     T(l 

»CH 

i-H    CN 

CO   o 


I>     CO     i~T   S 

CN    00    -^    OS 


n  o  •#  n  if 

OS    CN    tH    CN    i-h 


CO    i-H    00    ID 
CN    S    OS    CO 


00    CO    ■* 
CO    CN    OS 


OS 


N    N    00 
00    O    CN 


CD    i—i    CO    ID 
—I    CN 


00    i-l    ID    i—l 


CO    CO    CO    i-l    CO 


CO    OS    CO    00 
CN  i-H 


iO    CO    00 
CN    —l    CN 


l>    CN    00 


m  o  cc 

CD  j3    02 
CU         03 

<-  Mp! 
cH  cO 


"*;  "0  0 
O  t-.  > 

6  w  2 

^i  03O 


00    CN 


CO 


CO 


CD    -f    IO 


S   N    H   N 


3 
CO 

1—1 

CO 

i— 1 

i— 1 

CO 

£1 

CN    S 

CO    00    CO    i-l 

CO    CN    CN    rH 

rf    ID    CN 

iO 

CO    i-t 

1  s 

°o 

S      Tf 

1-1 

CN    CN    CN    —1 
i-H 

OS 

i-H 

i-H    CN 

CN    CN    'f 

CO 

CN    Tf 

a 

O 

Q 


OS    ID    CN    -ct< 


If     Tf     CO     i-H 


if    CN 
CN 


co  i>  ■*  co 


O    00    OS 


a.  2 

CO  » 


1^ 


co  O 


•    r  '      CJ 

f»n  n  .2 


Icg'Q^ 


03 
02    03 

13   «3 

I-H 

hH 

HH 

HH 

>—{ 

>-i 

I-H 

I-H 

hH 

HH 

HH 

HH 

C05 

0) 

M 

ID 

CN 

S 

ID 

CO 

t~ 

«ij 

■* 

-tf 

CO 

ID 

ID 

■<f 

»<  02 

03    4) 

pH 

co 

CO 

OS 

OS 

00 

CO 

os 

Tf 

if 

CN 

i-H 

i-H 

T-H 

CN 

i-H 

CN 

CN 

■33^ 

-2.2 

"H    -^J 

CO  c3 


o 

c 

02 


-0 
o 
3 

02 

pq 


^3 

o 

3 

CO 

pq 


-3 
o 

3 

02 

pq 


-3 
O 
3 
02 

pq 


-3 

o 

3 

02 

pq 


=3 
o 

O 

H-) 


S3 

02 

Hi 
3 

w 


03 

Hi 
3 
fa 


c3 

•3 

Hi 

3 
fa 


OS 

■3 

Hi 

3 
fa 


03 

■a 

Hi 

3 
fa 


OS 

■3 

Hi 

3 
fa 


fa15 


O 

ID 


ID 


CN 

ID 


CO 
IO 


if 
•O 


ID 
IO 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


459 


s 
o 

u 


o 

o 
-a 


CO 

00 

t^ 

<N 

■* 

CO 

i-H 

00 

>* 

a 

■H4 

co 

t^ 

<N 

,— > 

i-M 

J* 

CN 

IO 

t>. 

hh 

co 

i— * 

H 

CO 

CN 

^H 

t>. 

co 

r^ 

IT) 

H# 

CM 

CO 

CO 

rH 

CN 

r-H 

CO 

co 

co 

CN 

rH 

on 

,H 

t^ 

CN 

^H 

t^ 

co 

CO 

CO 

co 

CO 

o 

CN 

00 

PS 

00 

O 

CO 

IO 

t^ 

CO 

o 

IO 

o 

>o 

C5 

rH 

TjH 

rH 

CN 

i-H 

o 

IO 

i—i 

1— 1 

rH 

CM 

CO 

o 

CO 

CN 

CO 

CO 

LO 

a 

PS 

t^ 

■r* 

co 

CN 

t^ 

C2 

cr 

cs 

iO 

cs 

t^ 

co 

CO 

cs 

CO 

os 

CS 

rH 

CN 

n 

oo 

Tt* 

00 

CS 

IO 

t~ 

HH 

■wH 

HH 

t^ 

cs 

o 

CN 

r^ 

US 

►H 

t- 

n 

cs 

i-H 

CN 

^H 

IO 

>o 

rH 

co 

CO 

'H 

t^ 

■* 

"H 

rH 

T-~t 

1-H 

rH 

i-H 

CN 

00 

o 

— 

CO 

t^ 

i— i 

CD 

i— I 

O 

CS 

O 

co 

a 

>o 

o 

PS 

rH 

i-H 

CO 

t^ 

CN 

co 

CN 

-* 

IO 

co 

CM 

IO 

rH 

co 

IO 

—I 

o 

O 

co 

co 

t^ 

03 

■^ 

^ 

rH 

CN 

X 

i-H 

t^ 

t^ 

HH 

Tt< 

o 

00 

i-H 

IO 

o 

CN 

00 

IO 

1-1 

1— ( 

1—1 

*H 

1—1 

*H 

co 

CN 

o 

o 

** 

00 

o 

t^ 

CN 

00 

N 

o 

CO 

O 

iO 

co 

1— 1 

CN 

CN 

—1 

■* 

CN 

t^ 

CO 

CM 

■* 

00 

cc 

CN 

rH 

CM 

CN 

i— i 

CO 

IO 

OS 

OS 

OS 

rH 

oo 

Cs 

r- 

~ 



;0 

CO 

CO 

oo 

~> 

t- 

CO 

o 

iO 

00 

iO 

(M 

CO 

** 

t^ 

QQ 

T) 

■* 

03 

CN 

O 

iO 

o 

CN 

o 

CN 

CN 

CO 

co 

r^ 

co 

r-H 

CM 

CN 

CN 

CN 

«N 

** 

CN 

i—i 

i-H 

1-1 

rH 

■r*1 

00 

o 

o 

CM 

GO 

^ 

O 

oo 

CO 

Tt< 

t^ 

HH 

CO 

Tl 

co 

iO 

CO 

•* 

co 

CO 

■* 

CN 

-H 

iO 

00 

CO 

rH 

cs 

oo 

CN 

oo 

— 

CO 

CO 

O 

■* 

HH 

io 

»o 

>o 

HH 

<# 

Tt< 

-* 

CO 

"* 

CO 

t>- 

■a 

^ 

00 

o 

CN 

00 

o 

<* 

CS 

CN 

IO 

t^ 

co 

to 

co 

CO 

CO 

I> 

IO 

CO 

IO 

CO 

iO 

t» 

o 

r-t 

rH 

iC 

co 

CO 

HH 

CO 

CO 

o 

CO 

CO 

iO 

CS 

CO 

l^ 

CO 

o 

HH 

o 

t^ 

t^ 

00 

l> 

t^ 

OO 

CS 

N 

t^ 

t^ 

iO 

00 

CO 

X 

o 

rH 

o 

rH 

iO 

rH 

o 

i- 

CS 

rH 

iO 

oo 

o 

«* 

IO 

CO 

iO 

t^ 

o 

CO 

"* 

HH 

OS 

HH 

IO 

00 

O 

— ' 

i— i 

■* 

o 

1-H 

1-H 

o 

IO 

"* 

i-H 

T* 

CN 

t^ 

i-H 

o 

co 

IO 

HH 

(N 

-■ 

CM 

CN 

co 

CN 

i-H 

CN 

o 

t^ 

CS 

<N 

t* 

CO 

CN 

00 

r^ 

o 

t^ 

oo 

o 

>o 

cs 

cs 

o 

CM 

*# 

CM 

CS 

l> 

CO 

co 

-V 

CN 

CS 

00 

<# 

CO 

o 

rH 

00 

N. 

CO 

IO 

CO 

00 

iO 

IO 

CN 

"* 

"H 

CN 

as 

CS 

t^ 

Tt< 

co 

o 

Tj* 

PS 

CN 

CN 

iO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CN 

00 

CS 

-r 

<* 

CS 

i-H 

CI 

OS 

rH 

rH 

U0 

o 

** 

O 

00 

»o 

CN 

"* 

i-H 

O 

CN 

■H 

1— 1 

i-H 

rH 

o 

O 

IO 

CO 

OS 

t^ 

-t< 

t- 

T. 

■^ 

00 

CN 

CO 

»o 

CO 

CO 

CN 

co  os 

t^ 

CO 

t^ 

OS 

<# 

CS 

Htf 

co 

I- 

'-1 

■-1 

i-H 

co 

co 

as 

o 

t"- 

t^  t> 

o 

CO 

1— ( 

rH 

t^ 

rH 

r^ 

co 

>* 

00 

H 

t^ 

rH 

N. 

00 

CM 

iO 

"5 

IO 

•"* 

o 

CN 

'H 

1-1 

^ 

1-1 

CN 

CO 

1-4 

CN 

_, 

>o 

o 

CN 

CN 

i— i 

iO 

CN 

CN 

o 

CN 

00 

rH 

rH 

00 

1-H 

Tf 

CM 

i— I 

1—i 

rt< 

CO 

rH 

CI 

i-H 

CN 

CO 

r_l 

cs 

CN 

CN 

ro 

i-H 

_^ 

co 

O 

1— 1 

rH 

H< 

1-1 

CN 

CN 

T—t 

rf< 

CN 

CN 

CN 

iO 

C3 

1— t 

co 

^ 

^ 

IO 

CN 

O 

0) 

i-H 

>o 

CN 

CM 

1—1 

rH 

_ 

co 

CS 

00 

co 

rH 

CN 

CN 

r-A 

rH 

IO 

Tt* 

IO 

o 

■* 

i-0 

t^ 

00     rH 

■* 

CM 

co 

CN 

T— 1 

i— 1 

rH 

r* 

fe 

cs 
co 

£ 

fr 

£ 

r   '      O 

ri 

hh' 

tn 

6 

03 

i 

fe 

fe 

6 

CO 

£ 

hh' 

i 

^ 

rH 

c5 

CO 

?i 

Ph     g 

tf  Q 

§ 

ti  Q 

Ch  q  S 

Ch  q 

^ 

--C 

tf  Q 

ts 

tf  Q 

«  Q 

^ 

3 

Ph 

^ 

i— i 

i—i 

(H 

1— 1 

hH 

l-H 

>—i 

•— i 

i— ( 

r— 1 

M 

P— 1 

hH 

HH 

r— 1 

>-H 

00 

i—i 

CO 

00 

"O 

Tt< 

CO 

o 

IO 

IN 

co 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CN 

CO 

CN 

os 

US 

o 

>* 

rH 

rH 

CN 

>— i 

»-H 

f- 

o 

CN 

O 

CN 

IO 

CN 

CO 

1— ( 

1— 1 

1-H 

T—< 

rH 

CD 

CD 

CD 

CD 

CD 

0 

CD 

CD 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

Ph 

CQ 

DQ 

OQ 

OQ 

QQ 

oo 

CQ 

Jd 

Jd 

(h 

a> 

CD 

03 

c3 

G 

d 

CD 

CD 

V 

> 

>• 

CD 

CD 

> 

(-. 

u> 

CO 

rM 

CD 

rM 

> 

r^ 

> 

M 

M 

tf 

o 

u 

c 

CD 

0 

CD 

03 

o 

cc? 

CD 

CO 

cu 

o 

HJ 

CD 

c 

-H> 

CD 

ffi 

CD 

w 

CD 
U 

CD 

03 

cu 

rH 

o 
>> 

o 

c3 
CO 

a! 

CO 

-4J 

O 

o 

O 

u 

CD 

(j 

CD 

u 

u 

p 

P 

O 

O 

Q 

Q 

•z 

to 

l» 

00 

OS 

o 

1-H 

CN 

co 

io 

«o 

•o 

«o 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

460 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


t3 
o 


02 
O 

H 

Cm 

S 

<5 
cZ3 

PQ 
-H 

Q 


CO 


rJ 
m 
< 


d 
3 

00 

00 

O 

0 

CN    O 

33 

S3 

CO 

<N 

>3 

CO    O 

CO 

co 

-u 

CO 

i-H     l-H 

-u 

00    CO 

co 

Tjl 

i-H 

Tf<      Tt< 

■*      Tj< 

t>. 

CN 

in 

OJ 

fa 

T) 

3 

00  0 

CO 

0 

00 

CN    CO 

t^    S3 

00 

tJI 

03 

o 

1— < 

1—1 

•* 

CN 

CO  ■* 

O     S3 

i-H 

i-H 

1  S 

0  ** 

O    CO 

b-    CO 

T* 

CO 

lO     ^H 

O 

13    CO 

O     00 

t^ 

c 

u 

X    S3 

0  b- 

co 

CN 

"*     ■* 

CN 

t^      T* 

00    CO 

CN 

is 

o 

u 

O 

s3 
O 

O^ 

1— 1     CO 
i-H      1— 1 

CN    * 

CO 

CN 

CO  13 

>3    00 
CN    13 

CN 

l-H 

« 

s 

(N    tO    CO 

co  0 

lO    33 

00 

33 

^H     t^ 

CO 

lO    CO 

t~ 

r^  co 

CO 

CN    CN    i-h 

"*<     35 

0  ■* 

33 

00 

CO     i-H 

CN 

13    00 

CO 

CN    CO 

"<* 

o 

0 

n  m  1-1 

co  00 

Tt<     rt 

CN 

lO 

00    >3 

<N 

S3    CN 

CO 

-H     13 

00 

Q 

CO   10 

l-H 

l-H 

lO 

Tf 

O     Tt< 

i-H 

I-H 

bo 
c 

l-H        T-l 

d 

0 

10  10 

33 

i-H 

CN 

t^     i-H 

t^  co 

-* 

CN    CN 

^ 

"3 

3 

CO 

l-H 

i-H 

33 

13    CN 

CN 

l-H 

o 
t> 
cj 
S3 

-u 

CO 

+j 

CO    S3 

10 

CO 

00 

CO 

t*    CN 

13    00 

S3 

CO 

CO 

CU 
OJ 

a 

CM    i-t 

■<*< 

l-H 

t> 

lO 

t^    CO 

1>  •* 

CN 

Tt< 

1— ( 

i-H    i-H 

OJ 

fa 

0 

AS 

0  -> 

-H     13 

"* 

co 

03    CD 

33 

lO    t^ 

13   CO 

33 

3 

2 

3 

0    00 

>3    CO 

00 

<* 

CO    O 

CN    CN 

CO     i-H 

T« 

15 

o£ 

CN    N 

»-H     i-H 

•*     S3 

> 

u 

S 

CN    CO    CN    OS 

O    CN 

S3   CN 

Tt< 

13 

00    CN 

S3 

13    CO 

r^ 

S3    CO 

CO 

lO    Tt«    CN 

00    CO 

l>  ■* 

CN 

33 

O     Tt* 

CO 

O     ■<*< 

CO 

CN    ^H 

t^ 

0 

«3   00 

CO 

CN 

00 

CN    1^ 

t^     *-> 

CN 

CN    i-H 

l-H 

Q 

i-H    CN 

d 

3 

t^ 

00    >3 

r-t 

33 

00  0 

13     S3 

■**    CN 

33 

^< 

CN    CO 

10 

CO 

CO     Tf< 

CO    O 

CO    ■* 

CO 

lbs 

CO 

l-H 

-i-> 

IC    ■* 

CN 

00 

•* 

CN 

t^  ■* 

00    >3 

t^ 

lO 

CO 

iu   .     03 

s 

CO    t>- 

CO 

lO 

t^ 

t^ 

■*  10 

S3    CN 

CN 

13 

<* 

Average  H 
according 
Crown  CI 

1— 1 

i-H 

l-H 

AS 

CO    O 

O    -* 

CN 

>3 

00    CO 

1^   co 

CO    O 

S3 

-x  0 
^•3 

S3  -H 

CO    h- 

t^. 

33 

13  l> 

I-H     CO 

co  co 

13 

1—1 

i-H     r-H 

6 

CO     CO 

CO    CO 

»H 

■^ 

t* 

—1     O 

S3    O 

CN 

0  ^ 

S3 

0 

O    CN 

CO    00 

00 

00 

l-H 

co  0 

CN    13 

>3 

t-  t> 

CO 

Q 

I-H       l-H 

i-H 

l-H 

i-H     i-H 

l-H 

>o 

CO    CO 

,_H 

33 

<tf 

t-~  t^ 

S3    CN 

i-H 

CO    S3 

l-H 

d 

CO 

00 

-*    CO 

"* 

CO 

t^ 

l-H     CO 

CN    CO 

S3 

00  0 

■* 

.    3    CO 

03  -tJ   co 
V        03 

co 

CN 

CN 

S3    35 

co 

CO 

00 

■^ 

■*  co 

CO    33 

CO 

00 

>* 

5 

OS   CO 

S3 

iO 

CN 

^     33 

CN    CO 

CO 

l-H 

l-H 

>-  Mr; 
■3*9  c 

rt     I.      > 

to  O  ' 

1—1 

co 

CN 

"#    CN 

13    CO 

CN 

■ 

CN    CO 

35    rf< 

tJ< 

O 

CO    CO 

co 

■*    CN 

O    »i 

"* 

A  a 

lO    I— 

Tj<      CO 

Tj< 

0  0 

CO 

CO    1"~ 

S3    t^ 

CN 

03  o   O 

«8o 

^"3 

CO    b- 

CN    -h 

co 

-H 

t^      Tj< 

i-H    O 

i-h    CN 

CN 

CN 

O    N    O)   N 

CN    O 

00  h- 

O 

co 

CO    03 

0 

S3     T* 

00 

Tt<     O 

13 

3 

N    iO   N    tO 

b-    CN 

b-  00 

•* 

co 

0  *# 

"* 

13     l-H 

CO 

CO    13 

lH 

O 

CO     -H 

CO    CO 

CN    i-h 

00 

>o 

O    CN 

l-H 

CN    CO 

>3 

S3    ■* 

t^ 

—1    CN 

■"* 

CN 

^H    CN 

■<*    -^ 

d 

lO 

CO  •* 

>* 

co 

■* 

0  0 

00    CN 

co 

CO     iH 

>3 

CO  o  so 

^ 

l-H     I-H 

CJ  JS    CO 
CJ  ~  o3 

3 

CN    CN 

CO 

<# 

CO 

co 

33  r~ 

"3    13 

l-H 

t^ 

I-H 

No.  of  Tr 
according 
Crown  CI 

1— 1 

1  S 

^-3 

T*      CO 

CO    CN 

00 

l-H 

00    S3 

■^ 

!-H 

13    CN 

13 

3' 

00    35    i-h    ■<*< 

Tj<      l-H 

TJH     lO 

10 

O 

I-H    O 

i-H 

t^     H 

CN 

O    13 

CN 

0 

i-H 

•-H    CN 

^h    CN 

l-H 

I-H 

Q 

i  g 
co  « 

Rw. 

W.F. 

D.F. 

Misc. 

is^ 

fa  s 

is 

r  "      O 

Ph    Q 

ei 

CO 
irH 

<5 

•    fa 
Ph    £ 

fa  .2 

Ph    Q 

fa 

co 

OJ    CO 

♦^  03 

1— 1 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

CO£ 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

OJ 

O 

CO 

60 

«o 

co 

CO 

CO 

CN 

CO 

<J 

■^ 

co 

>3 

CN 

03    qj 

10 

_l 

CN 

CO 

O 

CO 

0 

CO 

O 

■* 

00 

00 

l-H 

l-H 

r-H 

CN 

CO 

i-H 

-5^ 

2.2 

OJ 

OJ 

4) 

he 

OJ 

a 

OJ 

OJ 

St 

co« 

O 

0 

3 

0 

CO 

CO 

0H 

CO 

A 

Ph 

u 

h 

h 

b 

u 

(-. 

0J 

s 

OJ 

0J 

OJ 

0J 

>> 

> 

> 

> 

> 

> 

> 

"3 
0 

a 

Ph 

Ph 

Ph 

Ph 

Ph 

0 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

0 

>> 

>> 

>. 

>. 

>> 

>> 

til 

0 

0 

O 

O 

O 

3 

oi 

« 

10 

CO 

r^ 

°2 

33 

Ph 

« 

<o 

co 

CO 

CO 

<o 

CO 

Bulletin  361]     yield  tables  for  second-growth  redwood 


461 


o 

CN 

O 

o 

X 

O 

•*  , 

X 

<N 

CO 

•* 

r- 

CN 

t>i 

CO 

co 

1-1 

OS 

CN 

CO 
X 

co 

i-H 

C 

■<* 

-1* 

N 

CD 

CS 

■o 

co 

DO 

CS 

CO 

X 

X 

S 

r>- 

10 

PH 

CS 

CO 

CO 

o 

>0 

o 

i-H 

X 

iC 

cn 

1-H 

CO 

CN 

CO 

^H 
i-H 

CN 

CS 

^H 

CO 

_ 

OS 

CO 

— 

CS 

oo 

■* 

CO 

10 

•M 

CO 

co 

t^ 

to 

[j3 

00 

o 

t^. 

-^ 

OS 

cs 

-r- 

X 

cs 

CO 

CN 

CD 

■* 

CN 

— ■ 

»-H 

t^ 

l>- 

»-H 

^H 

lO 

CD 

i-H 

■* 

CN 

r^ 

cs 

— 

M 

t-- 

OS 

rH 

r^ 

— 

o 

CO 

CS 

CO 

re 

f 

CN 

IC 

X 

cs 

OB 

ao 

CM 

~ 

— 

»c 

09 

O 

0) 

00 

CS 

CN 

X 

M 

03 

a 

N. 

1^ 

I-- 

•c 

N 

00 

«: 

I— 1 

CO 

CO 

o 

CO 

c 

CO 

f-H 

•<* 

-r 

-r 

-H 

O 

^H 

co 

CM 

1-H 

1— 1 

CO 

1— t 

-r 

— 

CN 

o 

CO 

t^ 

ee 

re 

CO 

»* 

i-H 

•«* 

~\ 

Q 

CS 

N 

pH 

■o 

CO 

cs 

lO 

Tj* 

o 

— 

t^ 

o 

co 

X 

^H     IC 

CO 

CN 

CN 

CN 

CN 

^ 

t» 

i-H 

i-H 

IC 

i-H 

CO 

t» 

o 

71 

•M 

■* 

■* 

CN 

H 

tr- 

•o 

■«1< 

CN 

CO 

X 

IC 

o 

OS 

t^ 

o  •* 

c 

tN 

— 

t» 

-<J< 

CN 

o 

->* 

—1 

CO 

iC 

iC 

CN 

^ 

-* 

i-H 

CN 

CO 

l-H 

o 

CO 

OS 

CO 

— 

X 

M 

>* 

CO 

N 

iC 

IC 

l-H 

o 

10 

CD 

CO 

1—* 

ri 

^H 

r^ 

— 

-H 

co 

CO 

co 

>— 1 

^H 

CS 

o 

1-H 

CO 

i-H 

■Q 

a 

— 

CO 

N 

•M 

f 

iC 

r- 1 

CO 

IC 

co 

o 

■* 

re 

CO 

•o 

o 

CO 

CN 

i-h 

— 

— 

t^ 

— 

?) 

X 

a 

CN 

r- 

at 

f~ 

o 

cs 

— 

»c 

^^ 

o 

■& 

■* 

iC 

— 

CO 

— 

co 

— 

CN 

■o 

■* 

CS 

co 

S3 

»c 

X 

J> 

CN 

CN 

?i 

co 

Tf 

iC 

H 

•* 

-* 

t/3 

cs 

X 

O 

■^ 

— 

co 

■* 

<N 

CO 

t» 

•^ 

re 

t^ 

CO 

CO 

IN 

N 

OS 

tN 

r- 

■f 

o 

ee 

o 

t^ 

o 

M 

-* 

© 

CN 

■* 

10 

— 

■* 

IC 

CO 

-* 

— 

N 

X 

CS 

CO 

i.e 

-o 

i-H 
i-H 

IC 

t» 

00 

CO 

,_, 

1_l 

lO 

ao 

X 

■* 

X 

X 

N 

CO 

h- 

7-1 

CO 

CO 

~ 

»c 

— 

CO 

X 

X. 

o 

»-H 

CO 

■~ 

t- 

CD 

X 

CO 

N 

"5 

OS 

N 

CO 

X 

— 

CN 

■o 

■* 

"* 

X 

a 

CO 

CN 

CN 

CN 

i-H 

r^ 

r- 

N 

CO 

00 

90 

IC 

■~ 

CS 

o 

a 
•— • 

1-H 

r>. 

ao 

oa 

X 

i-H 

X 

cs 

co 

3 

co 

■* 

o. 

o 

X 

cs 

o 

X 

— i 

t^ 

oa 

o 

t^ 

CO 

^ 

iC  o 

t^ 

C 

■^ 

•-• 

o 

1-1 

CN 

a 

X 

o 

CO 

'-' 

o 

CO 

-* 

CN 

CN 

O    CD 

CO 

■H 

CN 

CN 

cs 

>* 

I— 1 

>c 

CN 

iC 

CD 

CI 

93 

00 

re 

CO 

OS 

CD 

CO 

X 

ID 

t^ 

re 

o 

»c 

-H 

■^ 

OS     ^H 

O 

rr 

C 

CN 

10 

l-H 

re 

•o 

o 

X 

CO 

t>- 

a 

ei 

r^ 

CO 

o 

CO    -^ 

■Q 

~ 

■* 

«o 

1-H 
i-H 

CO 

^H 
CS 

IC 

CO 

o 

X 

03 

-# 

~) 

o 

1-H 

cs 

CN 

CD 

IC 

iC 

rt< 

o 

CO 

CN 

re 

— < 

DC 

~) 

CO 

r- 

o 

CN 

■0 

iC 

CN 

i-H 

CN 

t^ 

os 

^i 

_l 

X 

CD 

t^ 

i-H 

•H 

CO 

CN 

■H 

T* 

_ I 

?) 

C 

r- 

— 

« 

— 

CN 

'O 

'~ 

re 

CN 

<* 

•o 

ei 

tN 

CD 

O 

i-H 

t^ 

l> 

o 

»c 

t- 

r- 

-t 

c 

Tj< 

— 

c 

CO 

i-H 

X 

03 

re 

03 

1-H 

CO 

CO 

c 

,_, 

CO 

o 

CO 

cs 

lO 

CN 

- 

03 

>* 

■■# 

lO 

re 

os 

CN 

X 

X 

(N 

1-1 

■"* ' 

CS 

T> 

^ 

CO 

lO 

CN 

i-H 

•* 

CN 

■* 

l-H 

,_, 

iC 

— 

CN 

CN 

_ 

CO 

■* 

t^ 

X 

— - 

_, 

CD 

CO 

CO 

i-H     OS 

CN 

1—1 

rH 

(N 

co 

i-H 

CN 

X 

CN 

O 

,_, 

_ 

CO 

ri 

_, 

M 

,_, 

,_, 

CN 

■>* 

lO 

re 

i-H 

CO 

CO 

r^ 

CO    CO 

^" 

^H 

"* 

CN 

M 

iC 

(N 

os 

CN 

X 

■c 

_ 

CO 

— 

X 

CN 

^H 

^ 

OS 

CN 

CM 

CN 

CN 

CN 

,_< 

n 

•o 

iC 

"3 

— 

CO 

CD 

X 

to 

CI 

•* 

CN 

■<* 

es 

X 

— 

_ 

o 

CO 

CN 

1— 1 

CN 

■* 

1^ 

CO 

CN 

CN 

£ 

fa 

fa 

CO 

ft 

fa" 

fa 

6 

co 

fa 

fa 

CO 

i 

fa 

fa 

CO 

fa 

fa 

fa 

as 

co 

■% 

6 

ft 

P3 

fa  .2 

B 

£c 

B 

Q  £ 

P 

^'5 

QP 

^ 

0 

p? 

DO 

s 

03 

% 

Q*S 

l-H 

l—l 

l-H 

1—1 

HH 

>— I 

— 

I-H 

l-H 

l-H 
l-H 

CS 

co 

<# 

■* 

r-H 

X 

X 

i-H 

CN 

CN 

CN 

T* 

i-O 

CO 

iC 

■* 

cc 

X 

CN 

t^ 

•O 

CO 

o 

X 

<# 

X 

10 

tO 

CN 

r^ 

o 

CN 

. 

co 

CD 

CO 

o 

i-H 

l-H 

o 

c. 
o 

OS 

a 
o 

0) 

"0 

a 

O 

as 

a 

O 

as 
m 
13 

03 

as 

a 

O 

02 

02 

£ 

as 

02 

P- 

fa 

02 

u 

u 

h 

OS 

o 

9 

> 

> 

> 

s 

B 

B 

t- 

as 

>H 

as    in 

(h 
0) 

> 

u 

as 

o 
>> 

O 

o 
>> 

o 

o 
>> 
o 

as 

a 

CQ 

09 

> 

5 

as 

a 

CO 
S3 

Riv 

aspe 

> 

03 

bO 

> 

B 

Z 

£ 

£ 

O 

O 

O 

B 

l-H 

o 

*-H 

CN 

co 

•* 

>o 

co 

»>. 

f- 

t~ 

l> 

t^ 

t^ 

t^ 

t^ 

I> 

462 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


z. 
02 


1  £ 


o 

Q 


a 
3 
02 


u-c 


5 
o 

Q 


o 


>o 

CN 


00 


CS 
CN 


CO 
CO 


00 

00 
CO 


CS 

co 


co 
oo 

iO 


o 

OS 


CS 

co 


o 

00 


■*  co 
*#  cs 
r>.  -r}< 


os  o 

Tt<     rH 


o 
o 

CN 


»o  00 

b-  CO 

CS  rH 
00 


o  oo 

LO  o 

•*  CN 

«o 


CO 
CO 

>o 

CM 


CO 

oo 


oo 


co 

CN 


os  os  oo 

lO     CO     i-H 

i-H  CO 


LO  CO 

O  Tt< 

co  co 

CN 


Cn)     OS 

OS    OS 

lo 

CO 


CO 
00 


CO 

OS 


CO  iO 

r-l  O 

rH  CN 

•r?  i-H 


LO 

LO 


lO  -^ 

LO  CN 

OS  CN 

iO  CN 


lO  00  tH 

b-  b-  CO 

O  CO  OS 
CN 


CO 

co 


os 


b- 


b-    CM 

OS    <N 


O 


CN 


—i    00 

OS     rH 


o 

CO 


co 

CN 


t-  00 

00  CO 

CO 


CO  lO 

O  rH 

00 


cs  io 

I>      rH 


O    <N 

LO     CO 


o  co 

O    CN 

CO 


CN    CO    lO 
CO  CN 


00  CN 


O    CO 
O    CO 

os 


LO 

as 


•o 


CD 
CO 


b- 

CN 


<N 

co 

LO 


CO      Ti<      -# 

■^   os  co 


O  b- 

co  <-< 

OS  LO 

CO 


o  >o 

LO  O 

l>  —I 

lO 


o 

CN 


00 
CN 


O  CO 

oo  t-~ 

CO  rH 

CN 


O 

o 
co 

CN 


O  (N 

os  t- 

b-  co 

CN 


CS    CO    tH 
OS    O    CO 

CO    i-H    H 


CN 
1> 


CO 
00 


CN 

O 


os 

LO 
OS 
CN 


LO 

CO 


CO    CO 

LO 


co 

<N 


LO 

CD 


^3 
o 


02 
H 

O 

P-. 

-J 

(X. 

< 
m 

>* 
n 

«j 

Q 
o 

— 
02 

PQ 


OS 
« 


H 


O    W 


03  O  > 

u  o  o 
o  orh; 


3 
02 


o 

Q 


b- 

LO 


LO 

LO 


o 


co 


co 

LO 


os 

iO 


OS 


o 


CO   o 

i-H     CO 


i—i  co 

rH    CN 


co 


o 

CN 


b-     CO 

00    00 


b- 

os 


CO 
00 


CS    b-     CO 
N    H    00 


00 
CO 


os 

co 

00 

CO 

<* 

(N 

tN 

-* 

00 

(N 

O 

CS 

G 

00 

00 

Tjl 

b- 

LO 

!>. 

I> 

CO 

<* 

LO 

LO 

CO 

" 1 

Co- 
dom. 

o 

CD 

IN 

CD 

O 

(N 

CN 

O 

00 

*H 

CN 

'  CO 

I— ( 

OS 

O 

LO 

OS 

b- 

00 

00 

CD 

r^ 

t>. 

CO 

i—i 

co 
co 


_,  o  m 
03^3  eg 

<U        c3 

u  Mr- 

<J  aU 

^^  A 

tL   —  > 

n  o  > 

do  O 

«ciS 


a 


o 

Q 


os 

00 


oo 

OS 


CO  Tf< 

■-4  CO 


CD 

cs 


"O    CD 

CD    CS 


C_> 
CN 


CN 

oo 


CO      i-H 
LQ     H 


CN 
<N 


co 
cs 


LO 


CO  o 

i-H  Tj< 


O    CN 
CN    00 


CS    CN 

O      -I 


CD    i—i 
CS    ^ 


—i  co 

CO 


CD 
00 


o 

LO 


>o 


CD    CS 
O    CO 


t^    CD 

00 


CD 
CD 


00 


CD    >-H 
CD    ■* 


NOD 
00    t-    iO 


t}(    CN    LO 


CO 
CO 


CN 


a 

i— i 

o 

00 
LO 

-* 
t^ 

CO 

i—l 

«o 
»o 

>o 
o 

co 
co 

Cs 

o 

CN 

rH 

o 

O     T*     —1 
CO     rH     CN 

CO    O 

rH     CN 

CN 

CN 

r— ( 

CN 

LO 

co 

CD 

l^. 

LO 

t^ 

CN 

r^ 

rH 

CN           i-l 

CO 

o  5 

cs 
o 

cs 

00    1"- 

LO    O 

LO 

CO 
00 

os 

OS 

CN 

00 

co 

i—i 

N    h    00 
OON    ^ 

O^ 

CO 

(N 

"* 

1— 1 

1— 1 

t> 

o 

CN 

rH               CN 

o 

1— 1 

CN 


00 
(N 


m  o  io 

OS 
f*    C*T^ 

<*-.'-0  0 

6  «  P 

£    CiO 


a 
o 

02 


a 
o 

Q 


t^  rH 

CO  rH 


LO 

co 


co 


CN 
CN 


•O 
CN 


00 


OS  rj< 


00    LO 


HH     rH 
CS 


CO 
CN 


co  rt< 

LO 


t^     CO 


CN 


0 

r-H 

M< 

t>» 

CO 

co 

cs 

CO 

rH 

t^ 

<# 

o 

rH 

LO 

CN 

00 

i— 1 

t^ 

00 

rH 

CO 

LO 

co 

T-t 

i— 1 

TfH 

rH 

CN 

I—I 

r^ 

rH 

CO 

1— 1 

00 

CO 

t^ 

00 

CO 

LO 

(N 

CO 

"* 

CO 

CO 

rH 

rH 

rH 

rH 

rH 

o 

CO 


02  O 


'     3 

5.2 

02  rt 


«   P 


r  '     ° 


15 


r  *      ° 


It  ■» 


fe  ^ 


cj 
E 


03 


c3 


03 

5 


03 


03 


03 


CD 

a 
^o 
02 


rH 


«  Q  ^      rt  Q 


CO 

cu  co 
+»   03 
025 

M 

r-H 

M 

r-H 

r-H 
r-H 

I-H 

r-H 
HH 

rH 
\—l 
I-H 

►— 1 

HH 

r-H 
rH 
rH 

l-H 
1— 1 

I—I 

I-H 
hH 

O 

to 

1— 1 

i-H 

1— 1 

O 

^ 

O 

CO 

CO 

CO 

<5 

LO 

LO 

co 

LO 

1* 

■* 

LO 

-# 

CO 

•o 

1— ( 

CO 

co 

co 

co 

CS 

CO 

O 

0 

<* 

00 

0 

OS 

T»! 

LO 

co 

1— 1 

10 

^ 

O 

CN 

CO 

CN 

CN 

rH 

rH 

<- 

as 

Ph 


crj 
o 
o 

r-l 


2  K 

03  .5 


t.  g  u 

«    h    o 

>     03      > 


£    «     03^ 


T5 

o 

5  <" 

3      CD 
CD      (1 

20 

o 


o 

5  <*> 

3      CD 
CD     ri 

SO 

o 


o  o 


00 


CS 


O  -< 

00  00 


<N 

00 


co 

00 


00 


IO 
00 


CO 
00 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


463 


o 

00 

o 

■** 

^H 

co 

OS 

O 

O 

■rH 

o 

CN 

CO 

CN 

o 

00 

CO 

eo 

l-H 

00 

•<# 

CO 

^H 

O 

_l 

EN 

O 

es 

CO 

CN 

H 

a 

as 

-H 

CN 

co 

>o  ■* 

CO 

co 

ro 

CN 

CN 

Cfi 
lO 

00 
CN 

•M 

** 

CO 
CN 

lO 

CO 
lO 

CO    CO 

LO 

LO 

Q 

-# 

.     O 

/" 

_j 

m 

_l 

o 

■* 

10 

o 

N 

Tf< 

h- 

OS 

1^ 

»— 1 

N 

co 

r- 

LO 

— 

rjl 

ts. 

•-0 

co 

lO 

00 

"* 

LO 

t^. 

i—i 

CO 

en 

eo 

T-l 

— i 

o 

l-H 

»o 

i-H 

CO 
CN 

i-H 

cs 

i-H 

i-H 

_ i 

r^ 

CO 

r- 

o 

i- 

C75 

-* 

LO 

CN 

i-H 

39 

os 

o 

o 

-* 

r^. 

LO 

>o  o 

o 

cn 

~\ 

N 

Is. 

W 

CO 

OS 

LO 

CN 

ro 

30 

CN 

CO 

Tt< 

00 

co 

CO 

rH     O 

r-~ 

o 

i-h 

>e 

OS 

co 

30 

CN 

CO 

ro 

■* 

CO 

ts. 

rfl 

o 

co 

rH 

00    LO 

i—i 

co 

?! 

DC 

1—1 

o 

l-H 

i-H 

?l 

CO 

~H 

co 

T}l 

l-H 

o 

rH 

o 

co 

LO 

CO 

oo 

-* 

CN 

o 

Is. 

'" 

00 

C5 

CO    CO 

CN 

00 

rH 

-H 

T* 

o 

00 

CS 

CN 

•    O    CN 

CN 

CO 

i—i 

CN 

-# 

i—i 

•* 

CN 

CO 

— 

00 

l-H 

00 

00 

t^.    CO 

CN 

CO 

— . 

•* 

CO 

O 

CO 

M 

(N 

co 

CD 

i-H 

^ 

CO 

00 

CD 

t>i     -H 

CN 

co 

1— 1 

?) 

i— i 

to 

— 

i— i 

lO 

o 

1—1 

LO 

■* 

CN 
CN 

co 

1— 1 

l-H 

CS 

l-H 

t-~     LO 

i-H 

CO 

ts. 

DC 

00 

o 

o 

CN 

^H 

CO 

co 

os 

00 

00 

co 

■* 

00 

CN 

■* 

CN 

CN 

r^ 

1— 1 

CN 

— 

— i 

CO 

M 

CO 
l-H 

l-H 

re 

1—1 

l-H 

CO 
CN 

1— 1 

co 

rH 

CO 

CN 

CO 

oe 

PC 

CO 

r- 

CO 

Q 

C5 

CO 

— 

r^ 

BO 

O 

i—l 

o 

^ 

r^. 

O    lO 

cs 

CO 

n 

ri 

(N 

-*■ 

CN 

Tt< 

i-H 

00 

eo 

- 

Tf* 

OS 

co 

co 

00 

CN 

LO    O 

CO 

CO 

-* 

i—i 

n 

CN 

— 

co 

i-H 

l-H 

CO 

i-H 

CN 
CN 

00 

cs 

CN 

O 
CN 

CN    i-H 

LO 

o 

CO 

of 

o 

a 

o 

x 

CN 

-s~ 

co 

o 

CO 

09 

o 

■* 

CN 

CO 

CO 

CO 

re 

— 

CO 

•* 

Tj< 

co 

LO 

■* 

t- 

LO 

CO 

■* 

co 

CO 

CO 

T* 

-" 

— 

CO 

-* 

CO 

o 

N 

-r 

00 

o 

CO 

crs 

CO 

o 

■* 

<* 

m 

■* 

LO 

lO 

t^ 

00 

t> 

30 

t^- 

Tf 

LO 

TH 

>o 

to 

<N 

a 

CN 

CO 

c 

C5 

CN 

00 

r-0 

■-H 

CO 

■* 

CN 

o 

00 

lo 

LO 

CO 

lO 

90 

t^ 

I- 

co 

ts. 

OS 

C5 

t^. 

LO 

CD 

CO 

co 

■* 

o 

CO 

CO 

_, 

CO 

ri 

o 

00 

^ 

o 

•* 

co 

co 

O 

CO 

"* 

CO 

CO 

r- 

sc 

X 

00 

OS 

CN 

l-H 

00 

i-H 

1# 

— 1 

o 

l-H 

CN 

i-H 

CO 

00 

t^. 

cs 

co 

rH 

— 

PC 

CO 

o 

C9. 

r- 

CO 

oo 

O     C5 

OS 

— 1 

l-H 

ts. 

^H 

CO 

i-H 

CS 

■* 

lO  t^. 

o 

co 

i— i 

ri 

1—1 

CO 

X 

-i 

00 

o 

CN    CN 

ts. 

s 

•* 

LO 

Tt< 

OS 

Tt* 

co 

i-H 

00    CS 

CN 

*# 

i— i 

1—1 

CN 

1—1 

CN 

i-l 

i-H 

00 

■* 

CO 

T*     rH 

CN 

CO 

r- 

ts. 

LO 

r. 

Tf 

o 

»o 

CO 

"* 

— 

C5 

rH 

o 

l-H 

-H      CS 

CO 

ts. 

■* 

I— ( 

CO 

lO 

I—I 

T}< 

o 

>o 

CN 

DO 

00 

cs 

00 

00 

00    CO 

1— 1 

00 

rH 

I—I 

ts. 

CN 

co 

CN 

l-H 

30 

ts. 

l-H 

cs  co 

-* 

00 

00 

CO 

09 

o 

LO 

C5 

tH 

00 

cq 

o 

CD 

CN 

CN 

T« 

CN 

Tj< 

M< 

Tj< 

CO 

o 

1—1 

CN 

t~ 

CO 

CO 

r- 

LO 

co 

00 

CO 

o 

cs 

CN 

CN 

PC 

1—1 

1—1 

-D 

i—l 

LO 

■* 

CO 

-H 

rH 

t- 

^ 

CO 

r- 1 

00 

CO 

r 

W 

CN 

— 

C5 

« 

-o 

- 

rc 

** 

r^. 

cs 

O 

CN 

oo 

LO 

i-H     CO 

>c 

CO 

i0 

-D 

lO 

CO 

CN 

N 

i-H 

C5 

N 

co 

t^. 

CS 

t^ 

Tt< 

00 

co 

00    00 

CO 

Tt« 

CD 

to 

I—I 

o 

00 

■* 

CN 

ts. 

•M 

ri 

i-H 

00 

LO 

CO 

rs 

CO 

cs  -# 

i— 1 

CO 

i— I 

CN 

"* 

ac 

CO 

CN 

Tt< 

l-H 

00 

-H 

lO 

00 

00 

N 

CN 

co 

re 

•tf 

CO 

CN 

•*    CN 

00 

r) 

CN 

CO 

CO 

■* 

T« 

o 

rH 

CS  o 

1—1 

CN 

~ ' 

y~< 

ri 

CN 

i—l 

CN 

co 

<# 

CN    CN 

■* 

CN 

CN 

so 

00 

1—1 

pn 

1—1 

CN 

LO 

CO 

CO 

CN 

cs 

l-H 

so 

CN 

CO 

cs 

CN 

•<*   CO 

CN    i-H 

■* 

O 
CN 

BO 

CO 

CN 

lr» 

CO 

i— i 

t^. 

LO 

l-H 

CO 

l-H 

l-H 

i—i 
CO 

C9 

CN 

i-H 

CO 

<• 

t- 

lO 

lO 

00 

ts. 

CO 

CO 

co 

09 

i-H 

r-l 

CN 

CO 

co 

l-H 

o 

CS    CO 

I—I 

CO 

r-i 

DO 

CN 

-* 

rt< 

l-H 

-* 

l-H 

lO 

»o 

i 

i 

fa 
2 

fa 
- 

cs 

fa. 

i—i     aj 

D.F. 
W.F. 
Misc. 

i 

fa    fe 

O 

>— i 

l-H       W 

Ph    Q 

Ph    Q 

.    6 

I— 1 

t—i 

i—i 

I—I 
1— 1 

i—i 

i— i 

i—i 

I-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

>— I 

i— i 

l-H 

"* 

f~ 

t^ 

LO 

o 

t- 

ts. 

o 

CO 

CO 

co 

co 

•* 

«* 

09 

CN 

CO 

o 

»o 

•c 

"* 

^r 

Tfl 

CO 

i-H 

CS 

t^ 

o 

00 

l-H 

CN 

Ml 

t« 

co 

CO 

o 

CO 

1—1 

CN 

CO 

CN 

co 

co 

LO 

as 
to 
•0 

0) 

o 

o 

03 

a 

a 

a 

a 

+J 

+s 

-r> 

HJ 

o 

o 

O 

o 

73 

03 

03 

03 

S 

m 

■ — i 
co 

i—i 

»-H 

co 

fa 

fa 

fa 

fa 

-3 

O 

o 
a 

x 

h 

t- 

u 

ti 

u 

u 

U 

u 

<°     o3 
<D   .2 

1) 

> 

<& 

0) 
> 

c3 

> 

03 

as 

> 

03 

as 
> 

03 

as 

> 

03 

> 

.5  £ 

a 

«-    o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

CS 

cs 

cs    •-< 

as 
u 

V  03 

- 

o3 

fa 

S3 

Ph 

=3 

p^ 

c3 

Ph 

u 

03 

Ph 

gg 

Ph 

03    « 

O 

o 

0 

o 

0 

0 

a 

O 

o 

t^ 

CO 

cs 

o 

i-H 

CN 

co 

r« 

LO 

CO 

00 

00 

a> 

os 

os 

OS 

cs 

CS 

464 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


"*3 
S 

o 


CO 
Eh 
O 

hH 

On 

H 
Cm 

a 

Ph 

«4 
H 
<j 

Q 

u 

CO 

51 


OS 

w 

l-H 

n 
H 


00 

0 

a> 

1— 1    CO 

co 

0 

^< 

i-H 

co 

CM 

00 

IO     Tt< 

co 

CO 

CO 

IO 

*3 

»o 

CM 

CM 

■* 

rH 

CM 

CM 

rH 

**  1 

*# 

CO 

C35    C35 

C5 

co  co  00 

CM    ^ 

CD 

CO 

CM    O 

10 

03 

CD 

3 

CD 

i-H 

IO    I> 

00 

co  co  co 

■*  co 

rH 

00 

O    CM 

0 

CO 

X 

M 

CM 

rH 

i*     rH 

0 

■<#            CM 

b-     rH 

■* 

CM 

CO 

J3 

0 

T3 

1 

** 

rH 

CO 

i-H 

rH 

1  S  1 

0  § 

00 

h-     rH 

00 

i-H 

10 

1—1 

rH 

8» 

00    IO 

0 

u 

CO 

C5    Ci 

CO 

(M 

0 

CM 

■0 

Tj< 

lO    -<CH 

h- 

C 

o3 

t» 

CM      Tjt 

0 

0 

CO 

CO 

co 

0 

■* 

Oi 

* 
O 

O 

Oi 

CM 

CO 

rH 

CM 

rj< 

CM 

m 

a 

CO 

0  co 

CO    CM 

rH 

!>.      Ci 

CO    O 

Tfl 

TjH     CO 

rH     t> 

CM    CO 

0 

m 

t^  b- 

LO     t^ 

00 

co  co 

O     OS 

T}< 

t^    CO 

IO     rH 

CO     i-H 

0 

CO 

Tf(      IO 

TlH     t> 

00 

rH     Oi 

00 

»o 

CM    CM 

00    l> 

O     rH 

0 

Q 

0 

CM 

O     rH 

i-H 

i-H 

a> 

rH 

OS 

Oi 

10 

10 

rH 

T}< 

1— 1 

rH 

rH 

d 
co 

CD 

CO    CM    r}< 

CM    tH 

CM 

CO             O 

00    t^ 

CM 

CM    IO 

CO    ■<* 

rH 

d 

CM 

1-1    1-1 

0 

t^l 

— 1            00 

O    CO 

0 

CO 

00 

h- 

•3 

0 

-u 

CO 

CM 

rH 

rH 

+3 

CO    CO 

CM    iO 

co  0 

CO 

1^    "#    CM 

05    1~~ 

CO 

CO 

rH      IO 

CM 

0 

CD 

3 

00    1-1 

■ofl 

CO    TlH 

CM 

Tt<     rH     CM 

O    CO 

OS 

CO 

CO     rH 

co 

0 

o3 

CO 

cd 

t> 

1— 1 

00 

CM 

CO                rH 

CM 

CM 

CM 

1  S  1 
0  0 
0%  1 

■* 

rH    l> 

•O 

CT> 

CO 

0 

CM 

0  co 

IO   CM 

b- 

a 

_3 

0 

GO    fr- 

0 

a> 

CM 

0 

0 

i-H      rH 

00     i-H 

i-H 

1q 
3 

CM 

CO 
rH 

CO 

7-< 

rH 

CM 

»o 

CM     rH 

t» 

■0 

"0 

> 

O 

s ! 

O 

02    CM 

0  10 

•0 

CM    CO 

O     rH 

0 

IO    CO 

0    IO 

i-H     CO 

co 

0  TJH 

CM    O 

co 

co  »o 

1^     rH 

10 

b-    Oj 

t^  co 

rH     CM 

0 

00 

Tjf 

•0  co 

0 

00     rH 

OJ 

0 

CO 

CO     rH 

T* 

■  Q  1 

1—1 

GO 

CM 

CO 

rH 

CM 

rH 

CO 

CM 

3  1 

O 

■*    t* 

rH 

00 

** 

CM 

co 

CO 

IO 

co 

CO 

CO    CO 

IO 

CO 

TiH 

CO 

■* 

CO 

10 

IO 

-t3 

"Si  O    00 

CO 

-4-3 

r^ 

00  0 

0 

co 

CM      rH 

CO 

CO 

co 

0 

0 

rage  Hei 
cording  t 
own  Cla: 

3 

Tf< 

co  b- 

00 

CO 

CO    t> 

•0 

CO 

■* 

00 

00 

1— I 

T* 

O    C5 

0 

"* 

CO 

fr- 

T* 

CO 

CM 

CO 

IO 

CO    00 

05 

t^ 

05 

ee 

00 

10 

0 

CT> 

>  cSO 

<t; 

S 

"* 

O    CO 

rH 

0 

Tj*      -* 

0 

o> 

0 

00 

0 

0 

fr- 

l>  0 

0 

OS 

1— 1   T-i 

00 

00 

t^ 

0 

rH 

Q 

rH 

rH 

1— 1   1— 1 

rH 

f-i 

00  10 

CO    00    Tf< 

co  i> 

0 

0        0 

CO    CO 

C35 

CO    l> 

IO  T* 

CO 

CO 

0  0 

0  t^  ■* 

rH     CO 

0 

10        10 

CO    00 

CO 

CM     T* 

C5    CO 

CO 

CM 

0 

■0 

CM            IO 

00    CM 

■0 

CM 

CO 

CO 

0  03 

co 

i-H 

00    t- 

-v    0 

00  co 

00 

IN    U5   N 

t^    h- 

■* 

■0 

CO    CM 

00 

03  is  2 

+3 

00  0 

1-1  t> 

IO    CM 

0 

CM    >0    O) 

CO     rH 

co 

rH 

CM    00 

CM 

CD         c3 

3 

• 

,1  Ai- 
ding 
n  CI 

I— 1 

>* 

1—1 

O    CM 

co 

0 

rH 

co        10 

CM 

O   CM 

rH 

■* 

CM 

00 

00 

<  S 

<J-rH. 

0 

10  t- 

t^ 

co 

10 

CM 

00 

CM    O 

CM    IO 

CO 

OB   (4    !> 

20j 

00 

b-  -# 

CO 

CO 

CO 

1^ 

IO 

1>    00 

00    lO 

00 

t4o? 

«§6 

0 

CO    CM 

10 

CO 

IO 

CM 

b- 

rH 

IO 

co 

1—1 

IO 

1— t 

co 

rH 

1— 1 

1— 1 

CM 

rH 

co 

CM    CO 

CM    CJ 

00 

00    00 

CO    IO 

CD 

CO     O 

rH     CO 

O     05 

s 

CM 

0  co 

C5    t> 

0 

CM      rH 

00  >o 

0 

J>  t^ 

IO     rH 

1>  t- 

0 

I— 1 

■*    CM 

rH     rH 

CM 

t^    tJ< 

co 

CM 

C35     IO 

0  10 

0 

Q 

00 

1— 1 

1^     rH 

CM 

t> 

00 

1— 1 

1> 

l> 

I> 

0 

1— 1 

t- 

d 
co 

l>    1-1 

00    H    CO 

a  co 

I> 

i-H               CM 

IO    CO 

IO 

0  ■* 

CO    CM 

M^ 

CO    O    05 

1— 1 

r-H 

t^ 

1— 1 

CO                    T« 

HH      rH 

CM 

1— 1 

rH 

T-i 

CD  .£3  co 
89        08 

s 

CM    CO 

rH     t^ 

rH     IO 

rH 

rH     rH     OS 

CM    CO 

05 

■0 

CM    CO 

CO 

"-1    WlTt 

rH 

CO 

rH 

CO            --I 

CM 

rH 

1— ( 

0S& 

1  s 

0  0 

t^ 

0  «o 

0 

co 

_, 

1^ 

00 

CM    CO 

CO     rH 

10 

tH 

>* 

rH 

co 

1— 1 

rH 

rH 

CM 

l-H 

6«£ 

£  eaO 

a 

00 

CO    O 

0    00 

i-H 

r*    CM 

co  ^-1 

i-H 

CM     rH 

00    ■* 

CO     l-H 

0 

co 

rH 

0 

co 

0 

IO 

■* 

CO    y-< 

Tf< 

CO 

Q 

i  S 

0 

r    ■         W 

<6 

r    ■        tS 

6 

6 

St    0 

>     co 

0 

o,2 

Ph  S 

tf  Q  ^ 

z  .2 

£2 

Ft 

Ph  a 

co 
0)    CO 

co  2 

1—1 

M 

M 

1— 1 
t— I 

l-H 
>-H 

HH 
I-H 

rH 
hH 

I-H 

r— 1 
hH 

I-H 

1— 1 

> 

I-H 

M 

>-H 

CD 

Tf< 

"* 

CM 

1— ( 

co 

0 

0 

IO 

0 

0 

0 

co 

■* 

■0 

■* 

^ 

^ 

■<J< 

■>* 

■HH 

TH 

W      (11 

OS 

CO 

05 

0 

CM 

10 

CO 

co 

r>- 

00 

"* 

rH 

05 

0 

CO 

1— I 

CO 

■* 

05 

0 

tM 

1— 1 

00 

CM 

CO 

CM 

rH 

CM 

CM 

CM 

<4j 

5.2 

43 

4) 

a 

0 

+J 

+3 

-u 

-U 

+3 

•*3 

+3 

03 

H-> 

•  —  ■+-> 

08 

r2 

03 

oj 

03 

03 

03 

E 

03 

CO  ca 

E 

CO 

E 

5 

s 

E 

£ 

E 

E 

>> 

-*-> 

U 

u 

ci     tl 

o3 

h     (    h 

o3     t! 

03 

>-     o3     <-• 

c«     h 

«9     h 

S3     £ 

•2   SI 

rS     a> 

v    "    v 

r^5       CD 

■-'   —      -1 

~-      CD 

r— 1        CD 

oj 

c3     ^ 

5 

>     cj     > 

c3     t* 

"rt 

>     03     > 

03     > 

03     > 

0 

Is 

o3  " 

0  >5 

O 
►J 

CJ3    m 

g  s 

3 

s  1  s 

§  tf 

C3 
3 

«  §  rt 

%  £ 

%   Ph 

O 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

S.o 

CO 

t^ 

00 

a> 

0 

i-"      'iS 

'cm' 

CO 

T»< 

10 

P 

:z 

0 

08 

08 

01 

0 

1— 1 

0     1" 

rH             i. 

0 

rH 

0 

r—l 

0 

0 

rH 

BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


465 


© 
© 


© 


£  Q 


r  -      ° 

^  .2 


c5 


© 

co 


© 

00 
00 


© 

© 
co 


CM 


00 

© 

CM 


o 

© 


00 

© 


00 

io 


© 

CM 

CI 

JQ 

oo 

o 

t^ 

© 

CO 

o 

00 

© 

co 

© 

© 

00 

Tt< 

CM 

iO 

CO 

CM 

Tj< 

© 

00 

© 

CM 

© 

CO 

^H 

00 

o 

rH 

•* 

•* 

© 

o 

CM 

■Q 

•<* 

CM 

r-H 

00 

!N 

CM 

»o 

CM 

1^ 

CM 

r^ 

00 

■* 

© 

00 

00 

o 

© 

o 

o 

© 

co 

CM 

© 

CM 

© 

i—i 

CM 

-<* 

I-H 

CM 

i-H 

T-i 

i-H 

rH 

00 

© 

© 

<* 

© 

oa 

CM 

r^ 

© 

© 

© 

CM 

l> 

T* 

<* 

CM 

CM 

IO 

J 

co 

C"5 

•5t< 

© 

00 

© 

t^ 

■* 

© 

CM 

© 

I— 1 

-v 

00 

© 

oo 

iO 

I— 1 

IO 

00 

t~~ 

© 

oo 

o 

CM 

00 

© 

iO 

rH 

t>i 

■^ 

X 

co 

ro 

rH 

— 

Tt< 

© 

■* 

i-H 

CM    CO 

00 

>o 

Ti 

iO 

©    CO 

IO 

© 

co 

CM 

IO 

l-H 

<N 

t^ 

i-H 

© 

© 

t>l 

IO 

IO 

©    CM 

c 

~<h 

«o  co 

IQ 

co 

iO 

t^ 

IQ 

r^ 

^ 

■* 

00 

© 

1-H 

«5 

r«. 

■** 

"* 

r—i 

1— ( 

■<* 

t^ 

co 

■* 

CM 

1—1 

CM 

rH 

IO 

1-1 

co 

,H 

CM 

rH 

rH 

00 

<# 

© 

© 

t*- 

© 

>* 

00 

i-H 

■* 

CM 

CM 

© 

t^ 

co 

© 

iO 

^H 

© 

CM 

© 

© 

CO 

co 

t> 

CO 

■tf 

CM 

co 

CO 

rH 

o 

00 

t^ 

r^ 

© 

~ 

© 

OS 

© 

o 

o 

© 

CM 

t^ 

IO 

00 

© 

Tt< 

r- 

00 

o 

CM 

>o 

CM 

IO 

O 

-?* 

CM 

o 

1-H 

CM 

iO 

-H 

00 

CM 

CM 

IO 

© 

^ 

1-1 

CO 

co 

i-H 

1-H 

I— 1 

i-H 

t^ 

© 

© 

CM 

T« 

t> 

<* 

iO 

t>l 

© 

00 

•* 

CO 

IO 

© 

© 

■* 

*tf 

co 

CO 

CO 

CO 

t^ 

o 

© 

IO 

00 

■* 

cm 

oo 

CM 

© 

CO 

iO 

© 

© 

■* 

t^ 

t^ 

t^ 

© 

© 

t- 

^ 

iO 

© 

© 

© 

CO 

X 

co 

CO 

*# 

CM 

o 

1— t 

CO 

t^ 

IO 

X 

00 

00 

© 

t^ 

00 

h- 

© 

t> 

<N 

© 

N 

^ 

00 

CO 

o 

© 

© 

-# 

>o 

© 

© 

© 

iO 

© 

© 

1— I 

© 

— i 

00 

t^. 

00 

© 

00 

t"- 

00 

co 

© 

© 

t^ 

co 

(M 

© 

© 

o 

-#    Oi 

co 

© 

■* 

© 

rH     O 

© 

t^ 

<N 

CM 

■^ 

co 

© 

© 

© 

TH       1-H 

00 

© 

^H 

Tt< 

CM    CM 

CM 

■* 

© 

© 

1-H 

CO 

co 

© 

■* 

CO 

t^ 

t^    O 

rH 

"* 

•**  a 

«o 

o 

© 

o> 

CM 

o 

r-~ 

iO 

© 

TH 

■* 

CM 

© 

CM    O 

IO 

CM 

©    CM 

© 

IO 

© 

© 

CM 

CO 

I— 1 

CM 

CO 

t^ 

00 

© 

CM 

© 

© 

iO 

a 
o 

i-H 

t^ 

© 

I> 

r-l 

"* 

co 

rH 

CM 

"* 

© 

o 

o 

IO 

co 

CM 

■* 

CO 

00 

co 

co 

co 

CM 

t^ 

CM 

t> 

00 

CM 

»o 

i— 1 

Tt< 

CO 

IO 

_ 

tfl 

a 

© 

00 

© 

■* 

t~ 

i— 1 

■-1 

CM 

-H 

i-H 

rH 

rH 

CM 


© 

co 


© 
© 


iO    Tf 

©  © 


©    CI 

o 


o 
Pi 
o 
m 


i>  © 

©    CM 


Tt< 


© 


© 
O 


© 


©    O 
CO    © 


o 


© 

CO 


© 
© 


*!3 


Z  3 


Ch  q  s 


is  -3 


r  -      ° 

f=*  .2 


+3 


c3 


03 


CO 
CM 

© 

i-H 

■>* 

<* 

co 
co 

CM 

oo 

iO 

CM 

iO 

rH 

CM 

CM 

CM 

>o 

CO    i-H 
CO 

»o 

CO      T-l 

CM 

Tj<     rH     rH 
CM 

I> 

•* 

i-H 

© 

o 
co 

© 

co 

CM 

•H 

i—< 

f-H 

CM 

l—{ 

© 

CM 

© 

7—1 

CO 

00 
l—< 

© 

o 

CM 

o 

IO 

CM 

CM 

rH 

© 

CM 

rH 

CM 

>o 

00 

co 

o 
co 

co 

CM 

iO 

IO 

© 

i-H 

y—l 

CO 

CM 

CO 

CO 

o 

1-H 

00 

O 

CO 

r- 1 

t-H 

t-H 

I-H 

l-H 
r— 1 

I-H 
I-H 

I-H 

l-H 
t—l 

l-H 
l-H 

r- 1 

1— 1 

CO 

© 

CO 

CO 

IO 

CO 

o 

o 

iO 

CM 

CO 

CM 

CO 

Tjf 

■* 

T* 

•* 

■<*< 

CO 

CO 

iO 

•* 

o 

•* 

© 

© 

CM 

o 

CO 

<# 

00 

© 

CM 

•* 

■* 

"* 

00 

© 

© 

© 

1-H 

1-H 

CM 

CM 

CM 

1-H 

1-H 

l-H 

© 

03 

-IJ 
g3 

03 

■♦J 

03 

03 

»— « 

Ph 

s 

rH 

fn 

Ph 

e3    t! 

c3     •:■ 

o3    5r! 

e8    !s 

03    h 

~      V 

—4      0) 

~      0) 

r^H       4) 

r-H        O 

c3     > 

c3     > 

03     > 

03     > 

rS       ^ 

§   tf 

§   tf 

$  n 

§   S 

i « 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o3  ^ 
— '  oj 
03     > 


3 

o 


o 


o3     ^H 
«     0> 

rS        03 

99 

03     > 

03       >• 

73 

> 

§  « 

§  s 

C3 

3 

Ch 

o 

o 

'J 

© 
© 


© 


00 

o 


©       © 

©  1-H 


CM 


CO 


IO 


466 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


a 

CO 

1 

o 

CO 

co 

T* 

"* 

** 

co 

oo 

n 

o 

CM 

CO 

CM 

00 

CM 

(N 

T* 

«o 

t^ 

t^ 

os 

as 

I— 1 

i— i 

oo 

CD 

-u 

^ 

(M 

CM 

O 

o 

oo 

OS 

t* 

CO 

oo 

o 

o 

CM 

<u 

e 

-* 

co 

CM 

cs 

lO 

oo 

OS 

00 

CD 

o 

>-H 

l"^ 

V 

CM 

i— i 

co 

|-H 

m 

CM 

t^ 

** 

<N 

CM 

U< 

CM 

— 

CM. 

"0 

°  o 

Tjl 

oo 

■* 

co 

LO 

CM 

— 

o 

>o 

i^ 

co 

CM 

CM 

00 

i^ 

l-H 

l-H 

CD 

a> 

os 

os 

00 

rfl 

«3 

i— 1 

CM 

i—i 

oo 

~« 

00 

t^ 

■* 

CM 

CO 

o 

CM 

CM 

l-H 

»* 

■«* 

m 

fj 

CM 

as 

O 

■>* 

CD 

os 

OS 

— 

o 

■HH 

CD 

eo 

X 

OS 

CM 

■o 

00 

CD 

r^ 

CO 

oo 

CM 

o 

OS 

00 

■rtH 

O 

o 

—i 

l-H 

>o 

o 

co 

i-^ 

Q 

CO 

CM 

l> 

00 

ON 

co 

lO 

1> 

i—i 

~H 

— * 

Ol 

— 

a 
co 


o 
Q 


-H     CM 
CM    CM 


CM     TjH 

i—l 

CM 


oo  co 

tH     lO 


CO    CM 

LO     i—l 


io 

CM 


00 


CD 

co 


X    r(< 


oo 

CM 


•D 


-H      lO 

o  co 


oo 


CD 


00    CO 


CO 


CS 


co 
co 


o 

1—1 

cs 


OS 
CM 


CD 
i— ( 


o 

co 


os 

CM 


—> 

90 

CO 


rs 

CM 


■—I  CO 
O  CD 
CM 


OS 
CD 


lO 

o 
CM 


o 

OS 

co 


'«    Ml— 

03/3  3 

-  f  •—  > 

03   O  > 

t-    O  O 

>  o3Q 


a 

3 
co 


CO 

CM 


CM 


CO 

co 


■oo 


M 


P 

o 
Q 


00 

00 


CM 
CM 


c 

CD 

X 

oo 

r~ 

r^ 

~1 

—1 

lO 

r^ 

o 

■* 

>* 

■<* 

r- 

Cs 

CD 

CS 

O0 

•o 

CO 

l-H 

-* 

CO 

CO 

r- i 

CO 

r-^ 

co 

IN 

00 

t-^ 

lO 

lO 

>o 

oo 

o 

00 

i — i 

cs 

>o 

co 

"— ' 

1-1 

co 


^   O  °0 

CU        c3 

^^  d 
d  u  > 

§go 


o 

CO 


t^  o 


CM 


^1       -H 


co  cs 


CO     -* 

oo  ^ 


^1     -M 

CD     CS 


CM 


(M    CO 


g 

o 

Q 


>o 


CM 


X 


o 


n. 
t^ 


"M 
CM 


CD 


1-^ 

oo 


3 

m 


>d    CM 


CO 
CD 


co 

OS 

1^ 

-« 

ia 

-M 

X 

-M 

,-^ 

CO 

CS 

>> 

X 

-l-> 

i— i 

00 

o 

o 

oo 

CO 

lO 

o 

X 

CM 

co 

o 

0 

lO 

CM 

CM 

CS 

,_J 

00 

co 

~* 

•^H 

i— I 

>> 

CM 

os 

--1 

— 1 

a 

o 

.    d 

o" 

co 

cs   ao 

CS 

1^ 

CO 

—I 

CM 

d 

"O 

o 

OS 

t-- 

■—1 

Tfl     io 

cs 

oo 

CM 

X 

o 

o 

CD 

o 

r°     5 

t> 

»o 

,-r   — 

o 

-H 

CM 

lO 

m 

O 

co 

d 
"O 

m 

CM 

— ' 

-1 

'M 

-M 

<o 

as 

l-H 

5   ^ 


CO   o  W 

CD  JS  CO 

as  b3 

"*H  "0  0 

o  -  > 

.  o  5 

6  «  S 

^  C3Q 


a 
o 
co 


CM    CD  -h 


>o 

t^    CO 


O    CM 


CD 


H 

o 


X 


CM 


o 

OI 


o 

CM 


co 

CD 


+a 

<* 

X 

ifl 

X    CO 

t^ 

'O 

CO 

—1      ^H 

^ 

-* 

t-H 

^H 

—* 

1—1 

1-1 

co 

i       ^ 

CO 

__, 

X    — 

LO 

1> 

t^ 

■o 

■rH 

CD 

i-H 

r*5   3 

i—l 

CM 

l-H 

i-H 

i-H 

CO 

~^t3 

CM 
CD 


a^ 
co  » 


>  .2 


is 


a  5 


■s  ■- 


Q  ^ 


&H 

Q 


fa    co 


'    o 

5.2 

cola 


a 
o 


_c3 


ID 

T3 


o 

a 


o 

X 


0) 

a 
o 

x 


as 

a 
o 


E 


y; 

OS    '/J 

1     l~^ 

HH 

> 

l-H 

l-H 
l-H 

> 

l-H 

l-H 

l-H 

> 

OS 

"* 

-M 

os 

■H< 

o 

t» 

•o 

t^ 

o 

O 

M 

-< 

co 

CM 

CD 

■  0 

CD 

CD 

»o 

~v 

co 

lO 

CO 

1    -N< 

J3 

.-1 

L  ) 

-*D 

(N 

CO 

Cj 

co 

X 

c:  u 

-t* 

-*i 

f 

■o 

O 

os 

X 

lO 

CM 

i-H 

4)    •.. 

i         I—* 

o 

1—1 

co 

•-H 

CO 

CM 

CM 

CM 

^  ^> 

1               ' 

OS 

"O 


oj 
o 
o 

1-1 


B  o 


r;     r     u,     <u 

-3  '-  ^   ' 


—       0) 
o     > 

5  o 


CS 


^ 


oj 
0) 

X 


o 

OS 


2 

03 
cu 

X 


O 


CM 
CM 


c   5n 

co   •-, 

co  rv» 


C3 


co 

CM 


o 
o 

IS 
O 


TS" 
O 
O 

*  j4 

_tf 

lO 
CM 


BULLETIN  361]      YIELD  TABLES  FOR  SECOND-GROWTH  REDWOOD 


467 


o 
o 

N 

3 
■m 


a 

CO 


o 

(N 

CM 

l^ 

o 

X 

X 

■* 

Cl 

CM 

X 

X 

© 

so 

-H 

LO 

CO 

eo 

co 

CO 

■  O 

CC 

CO 

Tf< 

i-H 

CM 

>* 

CN 

CM 

t^ 

CO 

X 

»o 

CM 

O 
i-I 

o   -* 

rH 

t^ 

Tj< 

OS 

_ 

cs 

rH 

CM 

CS 

CS 

X 

-*- 

cs 

CO 

X 

O    >Q 

t^ 

co 

■^ 

CN 

CO 

X 

ro 

Tt< 

Cl 

(^ 

OS 

-c 

■<* 

LO 

© 

00    CM 

X 

cd 

O 

o 

n* 

T— 1 

o 

rH 

eo 

CS 

Cl 

CS 

T* 

!> 

CM 

CN 

CM 

CM 

•<m 

CM 

CC 

CM 

i-H 

rH 

a 

cs 

X 

GO 

t^ 

60 

— 

3 

CO 

h- 

CO 

CN 

CS 

X 

CS 

t^ 

o 

r^ 

OS 

o 

O 

Tt< 

CS 

CO 

oo- 

>o 

CN 

co 

N 

t~ 

CO 

»— ' 

X 

»o 

CM 

iO 

r^ 

X 

■<* 

CO 

X 

Cl 

o 

X 

^H 

X 

CN 

■* 

rn 

co 

CN 

^H 

X 

eo 

o 

rH 

CM 

eo 

~H 

7~^ 

cc  eo 

_ 

- 

— 

X 

— 

— 

T« 

--I 

CO 

CO 

CS 

— 

X 

1- 

CS 

co 

o  cc 

*^ 

1- 

r> 

co 

— 

OS 

CM 

o 

o 

*—* 

o 

— 

Tf 

CM 

CO 

co 

m  co 

1C 

LO 

GO 

CO 

CI 

•o 

OS 

»o 

■* 

CM 

OS 

CO 

CN 

30 

Tt< 

IO 

~    CO 

X 

M 

CM 

CO 

CC 

»— < 

CO 

0-1 

OS 

O 

OS 

■* 

CD 

r- 

rH 

CM 

co 

■a 

■«* 

co 

f-H 

^ 

*"• 

IO 

Cl 

rH 

CM 

■o 

t^ 

ro 

CM 

t^ 

co 

M 

t^ 

t- 

co 

O 

O 

© 

O 

3 

SO 

o 

O 

o 

X 

X 

co 

T-t 

X 

CM 

O 

rH 

CM 

■* 

~H 

*""" 

CO 

1—1 

o 

rH 

CO 

a  cm 

CO 

CN 

t^. 

o> 

CO 

l_ 

■^ 

—1 

CC 

CC 

r- 

X 

"* 

h- 

CO 

o 

© 

CM 

cc   cc 

OS 

eo 

o 

CS 

co 

CM 

eo 

Cl 

eo 

<N 

■* 

1* 

CM 

■* 

■* 

— 

■^ 

•* 

,"H 

t^ 

co 

CM 

Tt« 

CO 

^ 

— 

-^ 

* 

*o 

QQ 

— 

— 1 

C: 

X 

cc 

•o 

o 

o 

— 

— 

o 

o 

t-~ 

IQ 

3 

t^ 

Cl 

CM 

CO 

CM 

■* 

eo 

CO 

-^ 

X 

CM 

1^ 

■* 

■* 

t^ 

CM 

IQ 

•«* 

"* 

rH 

CO 

CO 

■* 

eo 

— 

1—1 

1—1 

rH 

rH 

cc   X 

-^ 

— 

-.- 

CO 

^ 

r- 

urj 

'  J 

r^- 

r_j 

CO 

O 

o 

cc 

l~ 

o 

© 

~     CC: 

rH 

1-0 

-— 

(— } 

CM 

Cl 

t^ 

1^. 

03 

X 

o 

T— » 

3 

o 

CN 

CO 

o 

i-    iq 

r~ 

~~ 

co 

r^ 

cc 

Cm 

3 

co 

— ^ 

co 

<N 

N 

■— 1 

eo 

o 

CM 

-* 

X 

eo 

i-C 

i> 

CO 

OS 

CO 

CM 

Tt< 

"O 

— i 

w 

-^. 

«# 

3 

CM 

X 

CO 

X 

i-A 

cc 

t^ 

r^ 

i-0 

Ol 

CO 

iO 

IO 

co 

CM 

CO 

>o  — 

3 

o 

*v^ 

^< 

C<J 

o 

o 

s 

X 

-* 

t-     © 

2 

o 

•-J 

iO 

X 

CO 

o 

X 

IQ 

CD 

CC 

o 

CC 

1 Q 

CC 

o 

^ 

CS 

os 

CM 

co 

I*. 

© 

— 

CO 

Q 

CM 

eo 

o 

rH 

Ci 

t^ 

t^ 

rH 

,H 

' 

— 

i— t 

^H 

rH 

—    OS 

-^ 

r>- 

IQ 

CM 

CS 

o 

-* 

5<3 

^ 

CM 

CM 

tH 

CO 

re    ci 

■^ 

eo 

ci 

CO 

X 

•* 

CS 

co 

CM 

CM 

Cl 

rH 

© 

~    — 

— 

— H 

— H 

"—l 

1—1 

1—1 

i— i 

^H 

pH 

1-1 

rH 

~r 

co 

— 

— 

Tt< 

m 

rH 

CM 

O 

O 

IQ 

•>* 

-* 

t^ 

rH 

CM 

•* 

•o 

r^ 

t^ 

CO 

-cK 

t^ 

CD 

■tf 

X 

z. 

i- 

>.o 

1— ( 

CO 

co 

O 

X 

l^ 

CM 

IO 
CM 

iq   X 

h- 

~ 

'-- 

t  Q 

co 

o 

«o 

■H 

■^ 

iO 

rH 

rH 

X 

X 

rH 

O 

rH 

CO 

re    IQ 

01 

X 

'-* 

co 

CM 

o 

oa 

o 

eo 

CS 

o 

CS 

o 

IQ 

rH 

■* 

© 

t^ 

r-    — 

H< 

~f 

C) 

o 

t^ 

,H 

rH 

rH 

CM 

t^ 

rH 

X 

CO 

© 

•— ' 

«— 1 

•H 

■H 

•H 

CM 

«""< 

co 

rH 

rH 

rH 

co 

3 

~f 

,-1 

c 

o 

X 

CO 

>-o 

os 

-f 

CO 

:c 

o 

CO 

o 

CO 

■O 

CM 

t^ 

OS 

IO 

T 

os 

1-1 

cs 

CS 

eo 

co 

Cl 

CS 

1-1 

CM 

© 

-h 

03 

Tf 

eo 

i — i 

O 

CN 

o 

CM 

CM 

rH 

CO 

o 

© 

© 

■* 

i — i 

»— t 

•H 

0J 

■* 

CO 

■* 

>- 1 

rH 

** 

co   eo 



OS 

x 

co 

»o 

K 

1^ 

co 

30 

C1 

co 

"tf 

CO 

X 

iQ 

|Q 

X 

rH    CX 

t>- 

I- 

■-1 

-* 

CO 

y. 

o 

OS 

o 

LO 

CM 

t^ 

Cl 

<# 

X 

CM 

>* 

X    ■<* 

„ 

o 

O 

t 

r^ 

r^ 

eo 

o 

CS 

O 

IO 

X 

o 

X 

X 

CO 

cc     — 

o 

■— • 

eo 

— > 

rH 

o 

CN 

X 

i— i 

"* 

I— 1 

IO 

co 

•H 

CM 

'-| 

*-> 

'—< 

■* 

CM 

"— 1 

rH 

OS 

OS 

<N 

t-~ 

o 

iO 

CO 

CN 

r^ 

Cl 

CS 

Tfl 

© 

Tt< 

,H 

CM 

i-H 

CO 

"~ ' 

co 

CM 

CN 

X 

H*     rH 

,_, 

CM 

Ol 

,_, 

gg 

^H 

CO 

*$ 

O 

■* 

IN 

CO 

05 

Cl 

t^ 

X 

CO 

© 

~ 

1-1 

1-1 

1-1 

CM 

rH 

rH 

CN 

CO 

rH 

CN 

© 

tT 

a 

>— i 

O 

iO 

co 

^H 

m 

pq 

rH 

X 

rH 

">* 

OS 

"* 

CN 

f— 1 

CN 

CN 

CO 

i—i 

CS 

rH 

IO 

r-  ^f 

CO 

LO 

CI 

co 

OS 

T-H 

co 

eo 

t^ 

CS 

<N 

CO 

~v 

O 

■c 

X 

IQ 

CM 

■* 

t 

CM 

co 

CO 

CM 

t^ 

CO 

r- 1 

© 

6 

6 

d 

d 

ci 

6 

ci 

ci 

6 

i    h 

m 

■; 

fa 

co 

£ 

— 

cc 

^ 

oo 

£ 

.23 

■s- 

CO 

£ 

fa 

CO 

rt 

fa 

CO 

% 

co 

r£ 

tf  Q 

S 

if 

Q 

<* 

tf 

Q 

^5 

P4 

^ 

rt 

*3 

X 

<< 

tf  Q 

<■?, 

«  Q 

% 

« 

S 

ti 

>— i 

>— i 

>— c 

►— i 

>-H 

>— i 

t^ 

> 

r- ( 

>— i 

i— ( 

i— i 

►—I 

HH 

H 

I-H 

r- 1 

1^ 

t^ 

r^ 

t-~ 

o 

,_, 

CM 

co 

X 

CM 

>Q 

iq 

iO 

IO 

CO 

iO 

iO 

iO 

■<CM 

CD 

X 

o 

>* 

t^ 

iO 

o 

^ 

rH 

co 

os 

CO 

X 

X 

t^ 

o 

as 

t~- 

t^ 

X 

CO 

t^ 

^ 

CO 

co 

co 

■>* 

>o 

CM 

-* 

<a 

o 

CD 

<v 

O 

CD 

-tJ 

-u 

-u 

-t> 

a 

a 

G 

a 

a 

a 

c3 

^ 

r; 

O 

o 

O 

o 

O 

O 

w 

fa 

-— 

|X) 

Oi 

cXi 

m 

m 

(/j 

m 

co 

c 

u 

Si 

s 

— 

CO 

+i 

-(-2 

a 

73 

"3 

rt 

c 

a 

r« 

0    rQ 

i  S 

-z 

o 

- 

-o 
o 

- 

-- 

o 

c3 

o 

(-. 

O 

3 

o 

c3 

6 

O 

o 

c 

o 
a 

ccj 
CD 
> 

03 

rl 

c3 
fa 

So 

n . 

fa 

PL, 

Ph 

&H 

CB 

tf 

« 

rJ 

pq 

CO 

t^ 

X 

OS 

o 

i—i 

CN 

CO 

r}< 

MS 

CM 

CN 

<N 

CM 

CO 

CO 

co 

CO 

CO 

CO 

i—i 

i— i 

r-( 

lH 

1—1 

»— 1 

rH 

rH 

rH 

1-^ 

S5 
o 

rH 

0 
oj 

tT 

cC 

CD 

C 

cc? 

t-, 
cC 

co 
-2 

To 

3 

o 


o 

s 

3 

"3 
> 
o 

-r» 

IO 

T3 
T3 
c3 

OJ 

s 

^3 

"o 

> 

Ct> 


O 

u 

-u 
CD 
M 

O 

H 


rO 
33 
♦3 

B 

3 

> 

-co 
a 
eS 


T3 

O 

O 

•; 

— 

0) 

tH 

0 

o 

~! 

o 

<7) 

- 

J 

gq 

to 

cu 

CJ 

CD 

~ 

■Ji 

-z 

CD 

+-> 

ri 

CD 

Cj 

CJ 

O 

3 

'/• 

(-. 

DO 

a 

CCS 

BO 

<— . 

<— 

o 

o 

CD 

<o 

0 

a 

0 

3 

0 

O 

> 

> 

o 

STATION  PUBLICATIONS  AVAILABLE  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 


BULLETINS 

No.  No. 

253.  Irrigation   and   Soil  Conditions  in  the  331. 

Sierra  Nevada  Foothills,  California.  332. 

261.  Melaxuma    of    the    Walnut,     ''Juglans  334. 

regia." 

262.  Citrus   Diseases   of   Florida   and   Cuba  335. 

Compared  with  these  of  California. 

263.  Size  Grades  for  Ripe  Olives.  336. 
268.  Growing  and  Grafting  Olive  Seedlings. 

270.  A  Comparison  of  Annual  Cropping,  Bi-  337. 

ennial  Cropping,  and  Green  Manures  339. 

on  the  Yield  of  Wheat. 

273.  Preliminary  Report  on  Kearney  Vine-  341. 

yard  Experimental  Drain.  342. 

275.  The  Cultivation  of  Belladonna  in  Cali-  343. 

fornia.  344. 

276.  The   Pomegranate. 

278.  Grain  Sorghums.  345. 

279.  Irrigation  of  Rice  in  California. 

280.  Irrigation  of  Alfalfa  in  the  Sacramento  346. 

Valley.  347. 
283.  The  Olive  Insects  of  California. 

285.  The  Milk  Goat  in  California.  348. 

286.  Commercial    Fertilizers.  349. 

287.  Vinegar  from  Waste  Fruits. 

294.   Bean    Culture   in    California.  350. 

297.  The  Almond  in  California.  351. 

298.  Seedless  Raisin  Grapes.  352. 

299.  The  Use  of  Lumber  on  California  Farms. 

304.  A  study  on  the  Effects  of  Freezes  on  353. 

Citrus   in   California.  354. 

308.  I.  Fumigation  with  Liquid  Hydrocyanic  355. 

Acid.  II.  Physical  and  Chemical  Prop-  356, 

erties  of  Liquid  Hydrocyanic  Acid. 

312.  Mariout  Barley.  357. 
813.  Pruning  Young   Deciduous  Fruit  Trees. 
316.  The  Kaki  or  Oriental  Persimmon. 

817.   Selections  of   Stocks  in  Citrus   Propa-  358. 

gation. 

319.  Caprifigs  and  Caprification.  359, 

321.  Commercial  Production  of  Grape  Syrup.  360, 

324.  Storage  of  Perishable  Fruit  at  Freezing 

Temperatures.  361 

325.  Rice  Irrigation  Measurements  and  Ex- 

periments    in     Sacramento     Valley,  362, 

1914-1919.  363 
328.   Prune  Growing  in  California. 


Phylloxera-Resistant  Stocks. 

Walnut  Culture  in  California. 

Preliminary  Volume  Tables  for  Second- 
Growth  Redwoods. 

Cocoanut  Meal  as  a  Feed  for  Dairy 
Cows  and  Other  Livestock. 

The  Preparation  of  Nicotine  Dust  as 
an  Insecticide. 

Some  Factors  of  Dehydrater  Efficiency. 

The  Relative  Cost  of  Making  Logs  from 
Small    and   Large   Timber. 

Studies  on  Irrigation  of  Citrus  Groves. 

Hog  Feeding  Experiments. 

Cheese  Pests  and  Their  Control. 

Cold  Storage  as  an  Aid  to  the  Market* 
ing  of  Plums. 

Fertilizer  Experiments  with  Citrus 
Trees. 

Almond    Pollination. 

The  Control  of  Red  Spiders  in  Decidu- 
ous Orchards. 

Pruning  Young  Olive  Trees. 

A  Study  of  Sidedraft  and  Tractor 
Hitches. 

Agriculture  in  Cut-over  Redwood  Lands. 

California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition. 

Further  Experiments  in  Plum  Pollina 
tion. 

Bovine  Infectious  Abortion. 

Results  of  Rice  Experiments  in   1922. 

The  Peach  Twig  Borer. 

Observations  on  Some  Rice  Weeds  in 
California. 

A  Self-mixing  Dusting  Machine  for 
Applying  Dry  Insecticides  and 
Fungicides. 

Black  Measles,  Water  Berries,  and 
Related   Vine    Troubles. 

Fruit  Beverage  Investigations. 

Gum  Diseases  of  Citrus  Trees  in  Cali- 
fornia. 

Preliminary  Volume  Tables  for  Second 
Growth  Redwood. 

Dust  and  the  Tractor  Engine. 

The  Pruning  of  Citrus  Trees  in  Cali- 
fornia. 


CIRCULARS 

No.  No. 

70.  Observations    on    the    Status    of    Corn  166. 

Growing  in  California.  167. 

82.  The  Common  Ground  Squirrel  of  Cali-  170. 

fornia. 

87.  Alfalfa.  172. 

110.  Green  Manuring  in  California.  173. 

111.  The  Use  of  Lime  and  Gypsum  on  Cali- 

fornia Soils.  174. 

113.  Correspondence  Courses  in  Agriculture.  175. 
117.  The    Selection    and    Cost    of    a    Small 

Pumping  Plant.  178. 

127.  House  Fumigation.  179. 
136.  Melilotus    indica    as    a    Green-Manure 

Crop  for  California.  182. 
144.   Oidium  or  Powdery  Mildew  of  the  Vine. 

148.   "Lungworms."  183. 

151.  Feeding  and  Management  of  Hogs.  184. 

152.  Some  Observations  on  the  Bulk  Hand-  188. 

ling  of  Grain  in  California.  190. 

155.  Bovine  Tuberculosis.  193. 

157.  Control  of  the  Pear  Scab.  198. 

159.  Agriculture  in  the  Imperial   Valley.  199. 

160.  Lettuce  Growing  in  California.  201. 

161.  Potatoes  in  California.  202. 
165.  Fundamentals   of   Sugar   Beet  Culture 

under  California  Conditions.  203. 


The   Country  Farm   Bureau. 
Feeding  Stuffs  of  Minor  Importance. 
Fertilizing  California  Soils  for  the  1918 

Crop. 
Wheat  Culture. 
The    Construction    of    the    Wood-Hoop 

Silo. 
Farm  Drainage  Methods. 
Progress  Report  on  the  Marketing  and 

Distribution  of  Milk. 
The  Packing  of  Apples  in  California. 
Factors    of    Importance    in    Producing 

Milk  of  Low  Bacterial  Count. 
Extending  the  Area  of  Irrigated  Wheat 

in  California  for  1918. 
Infectious  Abortion  in  Cows. 
A  Flock  of  Sheep  on  the  Farm. 
Lambing  Sheds. 

Agriculture  Clubs   in  California. 
A  Study  of  Farm  Labor  in  California. 
Syrup  from  Sweet  Sorghum. 
Onion  Growing  in  California. 
Helpful  Hints  to  Hog  Raisers. 
County   Organizations   for  Rural   Fire 

Control. 
Peat  as  a  Manure  Substitute. 


CIRCULARS — Continued 


No.  No. 

205.  Blackleg.  238. 

206.  Jack  Cheese.  239. 

208.  Summary  of  the  Annual  Reports  of  the 

Farm  Advisors  of  California.  240. 

209.  The  Function  of  the  Farm  Bureau. 

210.  Suggestions  to  the  Settler  in  California.  241. 
212.   Salvaging  Rain-Damaged  Prunes. 

214.  Seed  Treatment  for  the  Prevention  of  242. 

Cereal  Smuts.  244. 

215.  Feeding  Dairy  Cows  in  California.  245. 

217.  Methods   for   Marketing   Vegetables   in  246. 

California. 

218.  Advanced    Registry    Testing   of    Dairy  247. 

Cows.  248. 

219.  The  Present  Status  of  Alkali. 

224.   Control    of   the    Brown    Apricot    Scale  249. 

and  the  Italian  Pear  Scale  on  Decid-  250. 

uous  Fruit  Trees. 
228.  Vineyard   Irrigation  in   Arid  Climates.  251. 

230.  Testing  Milk,    Cream,    and    Skim   Milk 

for  Butterfat. 

232.  Harvesting    and    Handling    California  252. 

Cherries  for  Eastern  Shipment.  253. 

233.  Artificial  Incubation.  254. 

234.  Winter  Injury  to  Young  Walnut  Trees 

during  1921-22.  255. 

235.  Soil  Analysis  and  Soil  and  Plant  Inter- 

relations. 256. 

236.  The  Common  Hawks  and  Owls  of  Cali-  257. 

fornia   from     the     Standpoint   of   the  258. 

Rancher.  259. 

237.  Directions  for  the  Tanning  and  Dress- 

ing of  Furs. 


The  Apricot  in  California. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Apricots  and 
Plums  for  Eastern  Shipment. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Pears  for 
Eastern   Shipment. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Peaches  for 
Eastern   Shipment. 

Poultry  Feeding. 

Central  Wire  Bracing  for  Fruit  Trees. 

Vine  Pruning  Systems. 

Desirable  Qualities  of  California  Bar- 
ley for  Export. 

Colonization   and  Rural  Development. 

Some  Common  Errors  in  Vine  Pruning 
and  Their  Remedies. 

Replacing  Missing  Vines. 

Measurement  of  Irrigation  Water  on 
the   Farm. 

Recommendations  Concerning  the  Com- 
mon Diseases  and  Parasites  of 
Poultry   in    California. 

Supports  for  Vines. 

Vineyard   Plans. 

The  Use  of  Artificial  Light  to  Increase 
Winter  Egg  Production. 

Leguminous  Plants  as  Organic  Fertil- 
izer in  California  Agriculture. 

The  Control  of  Wild  Morning  Glory. 

The  Small-Seeded  Horse  Bean. 

Thinning  Deciduous  Fruits. 

Pear  By-products. 


